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HOOSIER 




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Book 






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^his Book dedicated to my Father and 
Mother and to all fathers and mothers 
who have sons in the Rainbow T)ivision 



Rainbow Hoosier 



Jluthor 
Elmer IV. Sherwood 



Illustrated by 
Captain T^ussel Cottingham 



Publishers 

Printing Jlrts Company 
Indianapolis 

Coptirighted 



Foreword 

RAINBOW-HOOSIER is a word pro- 
duced by the war, and though hyphe- 
nated words are in disfavor thruout 
America, this particular name has become 
very popular, for in this case the hyphen 
couples two purely American words repre- 
senting Yankee fighting men. 

Indiana has one of the greatest military 
records in the history of the nation and the 
present war has contributed a new luster 
to that noble age. The members of the 
150th Field Artillery therefore feel honored 
that they were permitted to be the first 
Hoosier Regiment sent to France and the 
first Indiana outfit to go into battle. As 
for the Rainbow part of the name, the loy- 
alty of the Hoosier troops to the 42nd Divi- 
sion is unbounded. As the colors of the 
Rainbow, so the units of 26 states blend into 
a whole, in the Rainbow Division. 

In the first stage of the war the American 
Expeditionary Forces were composed of vol- 
unteers, men from every walk of life, who 
responded to the first call. They were men 
of all sorts united by the cause and the na- 

9 



tion for which they fought, and all having 
the adventurous spirit which has always 
characterized the first volunteers of any 
war. 

Coming over before everything was fully 
organized the Hoosiers experienced many 
hardships, peculiar to pioneering; but they 
were ready for them. When the regiment 
was sent across everybody thought that it 
was unreasonable to expect them to match 
in bravery and efficiency the veterans of 
the other participants; but after taking a 
hand in the fighting we found that the sol- 
diers we had read of so much, were only 
human after all, and the confidence in the 
American Army became greater and the 
national pride so increased that we began 
to see things in the Yankee way and came 
to believe we were equal to any of them. 
From the spirit of wanting to see others 
display their valor we progressed to a spirit 
of desiring to "show 'em'' what we could do. 

Up to the present war the Crusaders fur- 
nished the best example of adventurous 
men journeying to a distant land to fight 
for an ideal. They visited foreign lands of 
which they had had only slight conception, 

10 



thereby their view of life and the world was 
infinitely broadened. They returned to 
their homes with education and enlight- 
ment which brought light to the dark ages 
and caused them to blossom into the Renais- 
sance. Pershing^s Crusaders will, after the 
victory, return with broadened visions 
which may compel the event of universal 
peace and the brotherhood of men. 



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CHAPTER I. 

Rookie Days, 

IT had been a strenuous week chasing the 
Huns before the Ourcq. In fact we 
Artillerymen could hardly understand 
how our doughboys could keep up the kill- 
ing pace, nevertheless, we brought up the 
Howitzers as quickly as possible through 
the days and nights over muddy roads. We 
would pull into position and fire as long as 
the Boche remained within our range 
(which was never long at a time). 

It so happened that we outran our sup- 
plies, and on this particular day we had 
eaten only a little bacon and a few dried 
peaches, so we were very hungry. We were 
firing intermittently as dusk fell, when one 
of the boys spied a mess cart coming across 
the field in our direction. But it proved to 
be a cart belonging to the 17th Field Artil- 
lery of the 4th Division, which regiment 
was also at this time under the command 
of Colonel Tyndall, and located along side 
our positions. The new regiment had come 
up to relieve the 150th Field Artillery and 

13 




RAINBOW HOOSIER 

at the same time to receive some instruction 
from the older unit before it left the front. 

As this outfit was on the front for the 
first time, the Hoosiers, who were not busy 
at the guns, put their heads together to 
figure out a way of obtaining some of the 
other regiment^s chow for themselves. For- 
tune favored them for just then the sirens 
and klaxons began sounding the gas alarm. 

A new outfit is always extremely cautious 
and at the same time excitable, so when the 
din of the alarm arose the rookies donned 
their masks amid wild cries of "Gas"! 
When gas is detected along any part of the 
front the alarm is sounded and is passed on 
throughout the entire sector as a warning. 
Therefore, when the alarm was sounded the 
old heads simply swung their masks to the 
alert, upon their chests, where they would 
be handy in case the gas was detected in 
their immediate vicinity. 

Every time a whining shell exploded in 
our territory, even if a quarter of a mile 
away, the men of the new regiment would 
fall flat, consequently they were doing noth- 
ing but bobbing up and down, and the cooks 
were in no state of mind to question the 

14 



ROOKIE DAYS 

strangers, who lined up among the rookies 
to be served. To make success a certainty, 
however, the old timers also put their masks 
on and then they could not be distinguished 
from Adam. The Hoosiers got their mess 
pans filled with hot chow and cups filled 
with coffee and returned to their fox holes 
in a nearby ravine, where they ate rav- 
enously amid the cracking of jokes about 
how wise they were and how rookified 
others were. 

But as our minds revert to our own 
rookie days we must admit that the men 
from whom we had promoted the chow 
were no greener than many of us who en- 
listed in the old First Indiana Regiment of 
Field Artillery upon the declaration of war, 
and who began our military service when 
the regiment was assembled at Fort Benja- 
min Harrison, Indianapolis, August 5, 1917. 

Our first craving was for uniforms. How 
could a fellow feel like a real soldier with 
only an army hat and a pair of leggins to 
go with his civilian clothes? Old-timers 
with extra uniforms, acquired at the border, 
sold us blouses, shoes, hats and trousers 
at exorbitant prices, and one fellow was 

15 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

inveigled into buying a boy scout outfit, 
which he thought was a regulation uniform. 
Finally, however, our problem was settled 
when the State of Indiana sold us complete 
equipment. 

In these days when we were told to go on 
camp police we thought we should carry 
billies and if assigned to kitchen police we 
rather expected to be initiated into a lodge. 
The first row of tents we pitched was as 
straight as a rail fence. At about this time 
also our series of inoculations began. A 
shot in the arm became almost a daily oc- 
currence. Reveille was about the hardest 
thing for us to become accustomed to. 
After going to sleep to the strains of some 
agonized melody, issuing from a neighbor- 
ing tent, one was not disposed to rise mere- 
ly at the sound of a bugle. When the Top 
Cutter yelled "Fall in," a careful observer 
might detect one fellow minus a leggin, an- 
other without his hat, and about ninety 
per cent of the remainder half asleep. 
Evenings would see the offenders policing 
up the camp long after union hours, vowing 
meanwhile to never let it happen again. 

16 



ROOKIE DAYS 

When we joined the First Indiana, we 
were not only attracted by the spread eagle 
oratory of patriotic speakers, but the 
slogan "join the artillery and ride" looked 
good. However, this proved "the most un- 
kindest cut of all," for on the very first day 
we began the drill affectionately called 
squads east and west. 

Soon we began to acquire that vague 
something spoken of in military books as 
esprit de corp. We were beginning to have 
a pride in the regiment, which we learned 
was to be incorporated into the Rainbow 
(42d) Division, then being organized, and 
already under orders for early service in 
France. The regiment's name was to be 
changed from the First Indiana Field Artil- 
lery to the 150th Field Artillery. To be 
chosen a unit of this crack division was a 
signal honor, since only the pick of the 
National Guard troops of the nation were 
to be selected. The distinction came to the 
First Indiana because of its fine record as 
well as the high class of its personnel. In 
the Spanish-American war a battery went 
under the name of the Twenty-seventh Vol- 
unteer Battery, equipped with 3.2-inch 

17 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

guns. On the border the First Battalion 
had made one of the best records of the 
entire army with its three-inch guns. 

The officers were all veterans of the or- 
ganization having enlisted as privates at 
the beginning of their military service, 
which varied from two to thirteen years, 
and in the course of time they had attended 
various artillery schools of the country. 
Upon the declaration of war the regiment 
was expanded into two battalions of three 
batteries each, light field artillery. Finally, 
when designated as heavy field artillery of 
the Rainbow Division, its organization was 
changed to include three battalions of two 
batteries each. 

At this time our daily schedule left us 
very few idle hours and our muscles began 
to toughen with the daily calisthenics, drill- 
ing and the manual of arms, and marching. 
The reward for these days of hard work 
and practice came September 2d when a 
great crowd from every part of the State 
came to Indianapolis to cheer us along the 
line of march of our farewell parade. 



18 



E 



CHAPTER 11. 

Camp Mills, 

VEN the clouds weep at your depar- 
ture/' said a little girl as the regiment 
entrained at Fort Harrison for the 
journey to Long Island, while the rain 
poured down September seventh, however, 
we were far from being unhappy on that 
day, for at last we were started on the first 
stage of our journey to France. 

We were fortunate to get Pullmans for 
the journey and after our strenuous month 
of drilling we could appreciate our com- 
forts. Many were the innocent victims who 
received their first lessons in the old army 
game as the train sped through the Lehigh 
Valley and past the beautiful Lake Seneca. 

We arrived at Camp Mills, Long Island, 
on the evening of the ninth, where we took 
our places in the Rainbow's tented city. 
The wind-swept and dusty plain upon which 
our camp was situated was not an ideal 
location, but we made our battery streets 
attractive by covering them with gravel. 

19 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

Two days in the week we were given time 
off, and we took advantage of such days by 
going on pass to the nearby towns of Hemp- 
stead and Garden City, or to New York. 
The wonders of the big city attracted the 
greater majority, and natives of such 
Hoosier cities as TuHp and Columbia City 
became more familiar with Coney, Sherrys' 
and the Winter Garden than the staid New 
Yorkers themselves. Others preferred to 
mingle in the fashionable society of the 
Island, attending the functions of the dow- 
agers, who simply had to help win the war 
3ome way. Naturally, we shone with bril- 
liancy at these affairs, aided by our newly 
acquired army manners and our heavy 
army shoes which so greatly facilitated 
our dancing upon the slippery hardwood 
floors. 

Two entertainments, greatly enjoyed by 
all of us, were those given by the 151st F.A. 
and the 149th F.A. In the division, besides 
special and auxiliary units, there were two 
brigades of infantry and one brigade of 
artillery. The brigade of artillery was the 
67th, consisting of the 149th and 151st regi- 
ments of 75s, light field artillery, and the 

20 



CAMP MILLS 

150th and 155th millimeter howitzers, light- 
heavy field artillery. To promote a feeling 
of comradeship among the men of the bri- 
gade, each regiment was to give an enter- 
tainment for the other two. We left Camp 
Mills for France before we could give our 
entertainments, but those of the Illinois and 
Minnesota outfits were great successes. 
They consisted of feasting, singing, render- 
ing college yells, and in attending the vaude- 
ville shows, which featured on the program, 
pugilists, black-faced artists, jazz bands and 
Oriental dancers. 

In speaking of our diversions I do not 
wish to convey the idea that our path was 
strewn with roses, for the greater part of 
our time was spent in hard work. Our 
daily schedule called for eight hours of drill 
and our drill grounds were rough and 
broken, which made the drilling all the more 
exhausting. In fact, even the long hikes 
over the dusty Long Island roads came as 
a relief, though our dirty trips necessitated 
bathing under the ice-cold showers. The 
baths were protected from the chilly ocean 
breezes by thin canvas walls. 

Though the drills were hard we realized 

21 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

their benefits when the entire division was 
reviewed by the Secretary of War. If we 
made good that day we knew that we would 
soon be sent "across," so every man was on 
his mettle. The Rainbow Division was the 
first tactical division assembled and re- 
viewed in the United States after the decla- 
ration of war. The parade of the twenty- 
eight thousand men at Garden City made a 
great impression. The New York newspa- 
pers were overflowing with the division's 
praises and cited it as a proof of Uncle 
Sam's prowess and as a warning to the 
Kaiser. 

Secretary Baker was impressed by the 
review, and though our numbers were not 
great in terms of European armies, our 
ranks contained more soldiers than were 
actually engaged in fighting in the Spanish- 
American war for the United States. It had 
been Mr. Baker's contention that a crack 
division could be formed from the pick of 
National Guard regiments and he found his 
dream on this day realized when the Rain- 
bows, assembled from twenty-six states, 
passed in review before him. 



22 



CHAPTER III. 
Dodging the U -Boats. 

THE attractive title of this chapter 
had been used innumerable times by 
correspondents, authors, and other 
seekers of thrills before we entered the war. 
As a result of this many of us had the idea 
that a ship could not cross the water with- 
out several combats and narrow escapes. 
Especially was this true when we embarked 
upon our voyage as units of only two divi- 
sions, less than 40,000 men, had preceded 
us and the truth of the statements of Von 
Tirpiz and Hindenburg, who assured the 
German people that the submarines would 
not allow the Americans to transport great 
numbers of troops, had not been fully 
tested. 

It was at 4:00 A. M., October 18, 1917, 
when the bugle sounded the last reveille at 
Camp Mills for us, and scarcely three hours 
later we were pulling out to the Garden 
City station, where we entrained for a short 
rail journey to the Hoboken docks. We had 
left all the tents standing, so that the camp 

23 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

appearance remained the same, and since 
we had departed so early in the morning, 
the people living about the camp did not 
realize for several hours that the camp was 
empty. At the docks the ferry boats were 
waiting to convey us to our transports. 
Some of the men thought that the ferries 
were going to take us to Europe, but they 
were disillusioned as we approached the 
docks where the fleet of great grey liners lay 
at anchor. What an inspiring sight were 
these monster ships, which our government 
had taken from the Germans and had con- 
verted into U.S. army transports. Old 
Glory flew from the staffs of every stern. 

Our ship proved to be the President Lin- 
coln, the ill-fated vessel which was sunk by 
a German submarine four months later. As 
each man set foot upon the gang plank of 
the former Hamburg-American liner, he 
was given a slip of paper upon which was 
printed his bunk and mess hall numbers. 

The Lincoln had been converted into a 
transport with the aim of accommodating 
as many soldiers as possible, and with little 
consideration for comfort. Soon we began 
to hear the expression which tended to 

24 



DODGING THE U-BOATS 

make life miserable, such as "Hot stuff com- 
ing through," "Gangway for a petty offi- 
cer," and "You can't stand here" and "You 
can't lie there, you'll have to keep moving." 

A conflict of emotions rose in our breasts 
as this monster of the deep weighed anchor 
and glided down the river to the sea. Glad 
to be on our way to do our share in the life 
struggle for democracy, yet reluctant to say 
farewell to all we held dear. 

It was dark yet. Myriads of lights cast 
their reflections upon the water. They 
shone like diamonds from the countless 
windows of the skyscrapers which loomed 
up along the shore like mountains. It was 
New York to these hordes of khaki-clad 
youths, products of great, youthful, virile 
America. The world was surprised at the 
nation's response to the declaration of war. 
Yet it need not have been, for America is 
the land of enterprise and accomplishment. 
The history of her pioneers is a story of in- 
spiration. It required real men to conquer 
the great west, real men to fight the ele- 
ments in Alaska, energy and foresight to 
build our transcontinental railroads and 
the Panama Canal. The reason our great 

25 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

nation could offer its blood, wealth and all 
for ideals was because its men had a vision 
beyond that of older nations. This night 
our ships carrying 56,000 men slipped 
through the torpedo nets of the harbor and 
remained at anchor until morning, then, at 
5:00 A. M., the transports weighed anchor 
and began the voyage. 

The wonders of the ocean commanded our 
interest for a time; but on the third day out 
we encountered a rough sea and about nine- 
ty per cent of our number were filled with 
the commendable desire to feed the fish. 
"Two-bits he comes," became an expression 
not only of the crap game but of the deck. 
However, those who were not affected at 
the start managed to endure the indescrib- 
able scenes and kept up a hearty appetite. 

We derived a great deal of amusement 
from the negro stevedores, who occupied a 
part of the ship. They were clad in brilliant 
brass-buttoned blue uniforms with scarlet- 
lined capes, which had been resurrected 
from Civil War days. They furnished clog- 
dancing and southern melodies upon the 
slightest provocation. One day they were 
forced to undergo the ordeal of a bath be- 

26 



DODGING THE U-BOATS 

neath the hose on deck. It happened to be 
a chilly day and the prancing and yelling of 
the dusky Apollos was as funny as a circus. 

At all times of the day we were required 
to wear our life preservers and at night we 
used them as pillows. There were so many 
men aboard that it required an entire day to 
feed the three meals. Each day the monot- 
ony of walking this never-ending mess line 
was varied by one hour of physical exercise 
and one hour of submarine drill. 

By this time we refused to be worried 
about our chances of dodging submarines. 
In fact, only once was a sub sighted and it 
turned tail when one of our destroyers 
started after it. Nevertheless we learned 
our proper places on the decks and when the 
alarm sounded we lost no time in getting 
there. 

For protection we had not only convoy of 
two destroyers and a cruiser, "Seattle," but 
our own transports were equipped with 
naval guns, manned by sailors. On the 
ninth day of the voyage these tars demon- 
strated their prowess at target practice. 
The targets, representing submarine peri- 
scopes, were drawn behind each vessel of 

27 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

the fleet and each gun of each vessel took its 
turn at firing, the ranges varying from a 
half-mile to two miles. All shots were close 
and many hits were made. A peculiar fea- 
ture of firing on the water is that after a 
shell strikes the water and it disappears it 
will again emerge into the air and travel a 
mile or so farther, when it will again strike 
the sea with a splash resembling a water 
spout. The distance of this ricochet depends 
upon the angle of fire, the sailors say. The 
convoys ran down tramp steamers and 
searched all vessels which came within 
sight. Half-way out the steamer Grant, 
which carried the 167th (Alabama) Infan- 
try of our division and incidentally con- 
tained the horses of our regiment, turned 
back as its boilers went bad. 

The longer we were at sea the more we 
came to admire Columbus for sticking it out 
on his journey in a sailboat when the odds 
were against him. The monotony began to 
wear on us and the rolling of the ship be- 
came unpleasant. At any time one could 
look back over the fleet and see the giant 
steel vessels rocking in the rough sea, 
while life must have been miserable on the 

28 



DODGING THE U-BOATS 

destroyers, which were tossed about like 
chips and at times could not be seen be- 
neath the waves. 

On the 28th word was received that a U- 
boat was approaching the fleet. This occa- 
sioned some concern among the few higher 
officers, who had received the news, because 
the new convoy, which was scheduled to 
meet us on this day, had not yet arrived. 
We were following the usual zigzag course 
but at the news changed direction. Next 
day the convoy of eight additional destroy- 
ers, which were camouflaged so as to be 
almost indiscernable at a distance, joined 
us. As the fleet neared Belle Isle it was 
signalled to follow a submarine chaser, 
which guided our ships another course to 
avoid the submarines which were lying in 
wait in the path which we were to have 
taken. 

When we went on deck the morning of the 
thirtieth, land was in view. Our life pre- 
servers, affectionately called sinkers, were 
now discarded, to our great relief. The fol- 
lowing night, Halloween, we reached the 
port of St. Nazaire as the band played 
"Good-bye Broadway, Hello France." 

29 




CHAPTER IV. 

Somewhere in France, 

DURING our four days of inaction 
aboard ship in the port, venders of 
chocolate and fruits acted as our me- 
dium with the shore. These poor people 
came out to us in their little boats, which 
were propelled by a single oar at the stern 
and operated by a person standing. We 
tied out hats to long ropes, dropped in some 
coin and lowered them down the side of the 
ship, where they were grasped by the 
wooden-shoed Frogs, who removed the 
money and replaced it with their wares. 
One had to be careful in bringing it back 
up that it didn^t tip and spill the contents 
and also had to avoid the greedy hands 
sticking out of the portholes below. 

On the morning of November fifth, our 
entire brigade disembarked and marched 
to camp on the outskirts of the town. It 
was a great and glorious feeling to set foot 
on terra firma again and this time it was 
the soil of France; henceforth our address 
was covered by the general term of "Some- 

31 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

where in France.'' Our camp was the first 
of the so-called rest variety, many of which 
we were destined to occupy and to find that 
the only rest we were supposed to get was 
in the darkest night. Hikes, drills and en- 
gineering details were our forms of diver- 
sions. 

St. Nazaire is a typical seaport town and 
we will remember it as the place where we 
were first introduced to the French lan- 
guage and vin rouge. Soon we acquired a 
few words of French and then expected to 
be understood by the shopkeepers. If they 
did not "Compree" we would become quite 
riled and were apt to claim that the Frogs 
simply refused to try to understand. Often- 
times one of them would start rattling off a 
string of French and the Yank would enter 
the argument with good old "United States" 
and an endurance contest would result. 

Some of the boys tried to get away with 
stage French, such as "Ze genteelman wish- 
ees some of zee food." However, our diffi- 
culties were no more insurmountable than 
those of the colored stevedores, for while 
we were held on the boat in port they espied 
darkies in French uniforms, thinking no 

32 



SOMEWHERE IN FRANCE 

doubt that here were some fellows who 
could give them some dope on French life; 
but imagine their disappointment when they 
landed and began talking to their dark 
brethren — "Why them boys is done gone 
looney or they ain't real niggers a tall, doan 
even know what booze is. I bet they doan 
know how to roll dem bones even." 

In the small hours of November eight- 
eenth we hiked to the station and boarded 
the funny little compartment coaches of a 
French railroad. After a long day's ride 
we arrived at Guer, where we detrained and 
began our hike to the training camp. When 
we reached our barracks that night our 
weary spirits were revived by receiving the 
first mail since leaving the States. 



6:i 



CHAPTER V. 

Training at Camp Coctquidan, 

CAMP COCTQUIDAN is one of the old- 
est artillery schools in France and is 
situated in the ancient province of 
Brittany. The buildings in the camp con- 
sisted of the old French barracks which 
had been used as prison camps and three 
large concrete buildings. The concrete 
buildings came to be used as a hospital by 
our brigade and the wooden barracks were 
destined to be our home for fourteen weeks. 
They were heated or were supposed to be 
heated by small stoves and our bunks were 
made on platforms which ran the length of 
the buildings on both sides. The entire 
camp had been deloused by the men of the 
second battalion which outfit had preceded 
the rest of the regiment a week for that 
purpose. Notwithstanding their effort, 
some of the men acquired these pests here 
for the first time. 

The surrounding country is very attract- 
ive with its monotony broken by wooded 
and cultivated hills. The natives are not 

35 



RAINBOJF IIOOSIER 

progressive, however, and live in houses 
built in past ages. They are, in fact, poorer 
than the inhabitants of any other district 
of France, using the methods of industry 
and agriculture long ago discarded in 
America. During our stay here we were 
allowed a few passes to Rennes, the ancient 
capital of Brittany. It is a more progres- 
sive city, and contains architecture of the 
modern age as well as of the past. Its main 
industry at this time was the making of 
munitions. Women ran the street cars and 
had taken the place of men in all sorts of 
industries. We came in contact with sol- 
diers of almost all Allies, especially the Rus- 
sians, whose hospitals w^ere here. And let 
me say here that these men of the Russian 
legion who had been wounded on the French 
front were among the finest soldiers I ever 
saw. If the Russians had been properly di- 
rected and equipped they would have proved 
equal to the Germans on the Eastern front. 
Along the road past Coctquidan many 
peddlers and tradesmen estabhshed shops, 
so that soon the route began to resemble 
a country fair, where we could buy every- 
thing from wine to souvenirs. Even 

36 



CAMP COCrQUIDAN 

Charles Chaplin made his appearance regu- 
larly at the cinema. 

For four or five francs we could buy a 
meal consisting first of soup, a broth con- 
taining bits of bread. This was brought in 
a bowl from which one helped himself. The 
next course was a meat, steak, or perhaps a 
fish; if a fish, the head and tail was included. 
If one was lucky he might get chicken, 
though the chances were that he would have 
to wait until the hostess went out and 
caught it. Next came French fried pota- 
toes, followed by a salad and often cheese 
and an apple. Often snails were served as 
a side dish. Pins were furnished as weap- 
ons with which to extract the meat from the 
tiny shells. A knife was always given with 
a loaf of bread, so that the diner might cut 
it himself. This delicate operation is exe- 
cuted by holding the loaf in the arms and 
cutting the slice at one stroke. Coffee was 
served if asked for. In reality it consisted 
of cognac, milk and a small proportion of 
coffee. A bottle of wine was, of course, 
always served at four or five francs addi- 
tional cost. About all the French use water 
for is to wash clothes in. If one asked for 

37 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

it the waitress might have to make a special 
visit to the town pump. 

From the first day our schedule at camp 
was strenuous, for we had only a Hmited 
time in which to learn how to man the 
new French six-inch howitzers, with which 
we were equipped. The 149th and 151st 
were, of course, receiving their instruction 
in the use of the French 75s at the same 
time. During our training period, Briga- 
dier-General C. P. Summerall, who had been 
commander of the 67th Brigade since its 
organization, was promoted in rank to Ma- 
jor-General, and was given command of the 
First Division. Later he was made com- 
mander of the 5th Corps and he commanded 
it in the Meuse-Argonne offensive when we 
served in that unit. 

Brigadier-General McKinstry succeeded 
him in command of our brigade and served 
in that capacity through the Lorraine Cam- 
paign. When in Champagne, on July thir- 
teenth, he was succeeded by Brigadier-Gen- 
eral George G. Gatley, who held the com- 
mand until the armistice was signed. 

Our divisional commanders were also fre- 
quently changed. Major-General Mann, 

38 



CAMP COCTQUIDAN 

who was placed in command of the division 
at its organization, returned to the States 
while we were in training at Coctquidan. 
Upon his return to America he made the 
statement that the 67th Brigade, consisting 
of the 149th (IlHnois) and 151st (Minneso- 
ta) Regiments of light field artillery and 
the 150th (Indiana) Regiment of light- 
heavy field artillery, was the best brigade 
of artillery in France, regardless of the 
classifications, Regular Army, National 
Guard and National Army. 

Major-General Charles T. Menoher now 
became our commander and he led the divi- 
sion through the war, receiving the high- 
est credit from his superiors and being pre- 
sented with the highest medals of honor be- 
stowed by the American army and the 
Allies. When he was promoted to a higher 
position, Major-General Rhodes, Brigadier- 
General Douglas MacArthur, and Major- 
General C. F. A. Flagler succeeded to the 
command in turn. 

Colonel Robert H. Tyndall, of Indianapo- 
lis, commanded the regiment from its or- 
ganization to the day it was mustered out. 
At Camp Mills, the guard who was walking 

39 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

post before the Colonel's tent, was con- 
fronted by a man past middle age, who 
wanted to know if this was where Robert 
Tyndall was bunking. When he received an 
affirmative answer he entered the tent. He 
emerged an hour later wearing a broad 
smile and he addressed the guard, "Say, 
Buddy, he knew me the first thing. You 
see we were bunkies together back in '98 in 
Porto Rico, and, believe me, he didn't have 
a big tent like this one. No siree, he was a 
plain old buck private like yourself," and he 
went on his way chuckling and murmer- 
ing, "Same old Robert." The buck started 
and thought, "Gee whiz, a buck; wonder if 
he kept his puts shined up then like he does 
now." 

That illustrated the military career of the 
Colonel "Bob," for he had kept in the mili- 
tary life since he had joined Battery A, 1st 
Indiana Field Artillery, in the Spanish- 
American war days. He held every rank 
up to major, in which capacity he served on 
the Mexican border, and in the natural 
course of events he became commander of 
Indiana's Rainbow Regiment when the 
United States declared war on Germany. 

40 



CAMP COCTQUIDAN 

Our instructors were French officers and 
sergeants, who had been in the fighting 
from the start of the war. Several enlisted 
men of the First Division were also detailed 
to teach us what they had learned of the 
art in the quiet sectors which they had oc- 
cupied. 

Our course was enlarged when the horse 
boats arrived and the famous command 
"stand to heel" became an obsession. How- 
ever, we had received our hardest knocks 
in horseback riding at Fort Harrison and 
we knew we could ^ick on any of the wild 
ones here. We began to be divided into spe- 
cial classes, for instance, the cannoneers 
learned the operation of the pieces, the 
drivers learned to harness their teams and 
to maneuver the pieces into different po- 
sitions, while signal men specialized in tele- 
phone and wireless. 

Soon after Thanksgiving when our 
corned willie menu was displaced by a real, 
old-fashioned turkey dinner, we began fir- 
ing our big guns on the range. This intro- 
duction to the roaring guns was not so 
pleasant as one would suppose, for the into- 
nation of a six-inch gun is terrific, and the 

41 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

use of cotton in the ears will not prevent 
one from hearing it, in fact, the tingle would 
be in our ears after a night's sleep. Na- 
turally, we became accustomed to the noise 
and felt just as natural while they were 
roaring as when they were silent. 

Later we were instructed in the use of 
gas masks and as a part of the course 
passed through a chamber filled with the 
real article. Trench digging and dug-out 
construction were entered into, and every 
man was taught the use of the rifle or pistol 
in target practice. 

Our first Christmas on foreign soil was 
the banner holiday of the year, of course, 
and carloads of boxes from home came to 
our regiment lone. Besides boxes of good 
things from the folks, each man received 
a box of candy from the Rainbow Cheer As- 
sociation of Indiana. Every man had more 
knitted goods of various sizes than he could 
use for there was a special craze for knit- 
ting at the time in the States. Our dinner 
was fine, with turkey and sweet stuffs ga- 
lore; of course, this was not the usual fare; 
ordinarily we had light stew or heavy stew, 
or soup, all known by the edifying name of 

42 



CAMP COCTQUIDAN 

slum-gullion. We were assured that the 
best food went to the trenches, and, later, 
when we reached the trenches, we found 
that somebody had circulated a false rumor, 
for army grub is the same everywhere. 

Speaking of food, I must say that chow 
is a soldier's obsession; if he can not get 
what he wants he can at least talk about it 
and dream about it. At any time of the 
night a certain fellow of our outfit might 
be expected to break into a discourse upon 
food, perhaps describing in detail the hot 
biscuits his mother used to make, and how 
he had always put gobs of golden butter in 
between, or he might describe in detail pies 
of every known species and variety. Of 
course a shower of footwear would cause 
him to desist, but always he would add, "Oh ! 
them wus the days.'' 

On the morning of February twenty-first 
we were awakened at three o'clock and we 
all knew that it was moving day. It was 
raining, but that couldn't dampen our en- 
thusiasm. We were full of "pep" and 
worked like blazes to get everything out of 
camp and on to the trains at the Guer sta- 
tion. We left training camp with the best 

43 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

record which had been made there, surpris- 
ing alike ourselves and our instructors. 
Credit was due the officers for their initia- 
tive and resourcefulness as well as to the 
men for their enthusiasm, despite kneedeep 
mud and their adaptability to all branches 
of artillery work. 




44 



CHAPTER VL 

Going Up To the Line. 

EACH battery occupied a separate train, 
owing to the great amount of equip- 
ment we now carried. Guns, supplies 
and wagons were loaded on the flat cars, 
horse cars followed each one, being occu- 
pied by eight horses and two drivers, then 
the side door Pullmans marked "8 Chevaux 
40 Hommes" followed. The American army 
had adopted the standard military train of 
50 cars, of which two were unloaded. An 
idea of the great amount of equipment car- 
ried by the regiment can be gained by the 
statement of the fact that ten trains of 50 
ears each were required to move the regi- 
ment. The merit of the standard train had 
been proved by the French in the first battle 
of the Marne. The Germans were massing 
in front of the defenses of Nancy and rea- 
soned that the French were massing behind 
these defenses. Meanwhile 160 trains were 
speedily dispatched by the French to the cen- 
ter and left flank of the German line, enab- 
ling the French to make an enveloping 

45 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

movement and at the same time supplying 
reinforcement to Foch, who struck in the 
center, thereby winning the victory by su- 
perior strategy in which the troop move- 
ment played an important part, for it must 
be remembered that at this time the French 
forces were sadly outnumbered. Sleeping 
was scarcely possible in our crowded cars, 
even though a little nap helped to soften the 
car floor, and morning was welcome, for 
then we could let our legs hang out the 
doors and view the scenery along the route. 
On the second day we passed through 
Versailles, where Red Cross nurses served 
coffee and sandwiches to us. From the sta- 
tion Eiffel tower could be seen in the dis- 
tance. We reached our destination, Ram- 
bervillers, on the third evening and de- 
trained. After supper was served at the 
rolling kitchen, horses were hitched and the 
hike to our billets was begun. The roads 
were the usual fine highways and we 
reached our respective villages before morn- 
ing, despite the fact that we were not used 
to traveling in total darkness; not even a 
cigarette was allowed to be lit. As we hiked 
along, getting the first view of destroyed 

46 



UP TO THE LINE 

,homes and hearing the rumble of the guns 
on the front, a creepy feeling stole over us, 
and we were glad when we had parked our 
pieces and wagons, taken care of our horses 
and were ready to go to our bunks in the 
haylofts of the barns, which were still 
standing. 

Our two days' rest here was very pleas- 
ant, the inhabitants being very hospitable. 
They confirmed the stories of Boche brutal- 
ity we had heard and described to us the 
destruction of their homes by the Huns in 
1914, when they reached the farthest point 
of their invasion of French soil. French 
Colonial (colored) troops from Africa, 
French Poilus and British Tommies were 
quartered in neighboring villages, which we 
visited for the purpose of buying milk and 
eggs. The French troops especially im- 
pressed us for they were so different from 
those we had seen before. Back of the lines 
the misfits were used to guard prisoners, 
railroads and munition plants. They wore 
every sort of French uniform, the prevail- 
ing colors being blue and red, but here at 
the front were the pick of the army, and 
the sight of a column of horizon blue poilus 

47 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

marching by at a snappy pace made us glad 
to have them as fighting partners. 

February twenty-sixth was the day upon 
which we made the last lap of our journey. 
It was a fine day and as we hiked along the 
fine French roads, all felt the joy which 
came with the realization of our hopes; we 
thanked Providence that subs and disease 
had spared us for this day of our lives when 
we could march to the battle front of the 
greatest war in history with the first 
American division to occupy a divisional 
sector. 

We had heard the roar of guns for sev- 
leral days, but our first glimpse of warfare 
was high in the clouds. The sky was 
blotched with white and black puffs of 
smoke made by exploding projectiles, which 
had been hurled there by anti-aircraft guns. 
Tracing the course of these smoke blotches, 
which remained suspended in the atmos- 
phere for moments at a time, we saw a 
Boche aeroplane, which had turned tail and 
was now flying toward his own lines. At 
the time the scene was rather thrilling, but 
we became so accustomed to such sights 
that we scarcely gave them notice. 

48 



UP TO THE LINE 

When we reached our positions it was 
dark, and No Man's land beyond was lighted 
up like a home town Fourth of July cele- 
bration. It was a brilliant display as sig- 
nal rockets flew through the air, leaving 
scintillating trails, while star shells and 
virey lights cast a blinding glare as they 
hung suspended for minutes at a time. We 
pulled our guns into position and withdrew 
to a woods, which was to be our echelon or 
wagon line for a time, where we pitched our 
pup tents upon the wet ground and attempt- 
ed to go to sleep as the guns sang their 
lullabys. 



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1 






CHAPTER VIL 

Lorraine, 

WE were fortunate in being assigned 
to the Lorraine front, Baccarat 
sector, for our initiation into war, 
for it is a beautiful land. Quaint villages 
nestling among the symmetrical hills, with 
the Vosges piercing the horizon in the dis- 
tance, made an unforgettable picture. 

We expected to begin killing Huns as 
soon as we were in position, but that was 
far from the case. The days before March 
first, when we fired our first shot, were days 
of toil. We learned the stationary trench- 
warfare game from the start by digging 
ourselves in, being careful to keep our posi- 
tions camouflaged at all times so that the 
Hun aviators might not detect us, for as 
the saying is, a battery seen is a battery lost. 

From sunrise to sunset we dug, dug, dug 
and camouflaged. One officer was death on 
camouflage, and one day he went so far as 
to order the men to carry snow for that pur- 
pose, but though our hands had become 
blistered and our backs stiff, we were ac- 

51 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

complishing something. Our dugouts, gun 
pits and ammunition dumps were about 
completed when we were honored by a visit 
from the Commander-in-Chief. 

It was at the noon hour while we were 
eating mess that three large cars came up 
the road and stopped in the rear of our gun 
positions. The door of the first car was 
opened and out stepped General Pershing. 
His appearance could not disappoint the 
most ardent hero worshipper, for he is of 
fine physique, of towering height and of 
commanding presence, and, in fact, he is the 
ideal military figure referred to by the ex- 
pression, "Every inch a soldier." 

He strode up to the mess line and spoke 
to the private who was getting his mess kit 
filled. We were surprised at the plain words 
which came from the lips of this man who 
held the destinies of us all in his hands, yet 
we had no occasion for it, because he is sim- 
ply the incarnation of the spirit of our 
democracy and an example of the equal op- 
portunities our country offers, for his fa- 
ther was a section boss. After all, the 
greater a man is the more common he is 
and the less frills he uses. He asked the 

52 



LORRAINE 

private how the food was and how he liked 
army life. Then he inspected our newly 
constructed gun pits and dugouts, with 
which he was well satisfied. 

After Pershing's visit we all looked to the 
future with greater confidence and went to 
work with greater enthusiasm; in fact, the 
only fellow who wasn't better off was the 
private who told the General that he was 
getting plenty to eat. He was so much in 
awe of the man that he forgot all about the 
days when we worked hard on insufficient 
rations, consisting mainly of corn willie. 
However, we chafed under the monotony 
of trench life even after we began hurling 
the big shells into the Hun lines. Ameri- 
cans are not satisfied with standing still but 
always want to carry the fight to the enemy. 
We fully understood now why the war had 
been prolonged so long and we prayed for 
sufficient Yankees to come across so that 
we could show them some American wild- 
west warfare. We had progressed from the 
state of mind of spectators and wanted to 
show the world what we could do. 

In justice to the French I must say that 
later campaigns changed our attitude to- 

53 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

ward this sort of quiet sectors, for there 
were times when we would have welcomed 
a little rest in one of them. At the time 
America entered the war, neither side had 
enough troops to permit them to take units 
from the front for purposes of resting them 
up. Instead, these quiet sectors served the 
purpose. Trench warfare was not the 
method of fighting desired by either side. 
It was a necessary evil, because neither side 
had sufficient forces, above the enemy's 
strength, for maneuvering. We saw some 
wonderful French soldiers on the front, but 
after all, the finest of them were beneath 
the sod, and that is why the American 
forces became the decisive factor in the 
war. 

Though we chafed under this monotony, 
none of us today are sorry that we passed 
through these experiences which the com- 
batants had endured for more than three 
years of fighting. We would not have com- 
prehended the methods of this sort of sta- 
bilized warfare had we not experienced it 
ourselves. 

A peculiarity of this sort of war is its 
zones of activity. The country was com- 

54 



LORRAINE 

paratively quiet before the zone of war was 
reached. Then, as the number of shell-torn 
towns and devastated regions increased, the 
activity also increased. Ambulances, trucks, 
motor cars and motorcycles whizzed along 
the roads. Even the country roads resem- 
bled city streets in the quantity of traffic. 
All these arteries of travel eventually led to 
the front line trenches, where signs of hu- 
man life were seldom seen, being screened 
by camouflage. Shells burst on every hand 
there, while aeroplanes flew overhead, but 
humans were seen only when attacks were 
launched. 

When we took over the Baccarat sector, 
there seemed to be some sort of gentleman's 
agreement between the French and Ger- 
mans to keep it safe and quiet. When one 
side would decide to put over a few shrap- 
nel of H.E.'s, the enemy would be given 
time to hunt their dugouts and wait until 
the spasm was over. Then the other side 
would return the compliment, while the first 
mentioned enemy reclined in their safe dug- 
outs. So when the Yankees made this their 
sector both the Boche and French were 
scandaHzed at seeing their party broken up. 

55 



RAIISBOW HOOSIER 

"Somebody was going to get hurt," it was 
true, and though we suffered casualties, the 
Boche got the bad end of the deal. 

We not only put over several shells to 
Fritz's one, but our doughboys made his life 
miserable by mighty raids. These regi- 
ments from New York, Ohio, Iowa and Ala- 
bama, backed up by our guns, took com- 
plete control of No Man's land, even erect- 
ing signs uncompHmentary to Fritz, and 
telling him that it wasn't no man's land 
but that it belonged to the Yanks. 

During this stage of the war the activity 
along the entire front consisted of local 
raids. On March 9th the division executed 
a coup de main, which later was heralded 
in the press as one of the first American 
victories. There was five hours of artillery 
preparation starting at 1:05 P. M. The in- 
fantry went over the top at 5:30 P. M., at- 
tacking the enemy trenches with a loss of 
only two killed and thirty-six wounded. This 
was the first time that Americans had oc- 
cupied German trenches. 

On March 17th the regiment suffered its 
first casualty when the third battalion, P.C., 
in Bois Champagne, was shelled by the en- 

56 



LORRAINE 

emy. At this time Private Orla Archey had 
a leg blown off. But next day Privates 
Yates, Glass and Fabain v^ere seriously 
wounded and Sergeant Hughes sustained 
lighter wounds. Soon after this the men 
were awarded the Croix de Guerre. The 
heaviest casualties, however, were suffered 
by Battery E, the first of May, when sev- 
enty-five men were gassed, none proving 
fatal, luckily. To avoid a repetition of this, 
May 15th the regiment fired 27,000 rounds, 
preventing a projector gas attack of the 
enemy by destroying his projectors. 

The largest attack in which the regiment 
participated in Lorraine was the raid of 
May first, second and third. At 1 :30 A. M. 
the guns of all calibers began an intense 
cannonading of the enemy positions. Col- 
onel Tyndall had ninety-two guns in his 
plan of employment, or seventeen French 
batteries in addition to the 150th F.A. 

This being the largest attack in which we 
had participated, we were greatly impressed 
and on the second day, in a spare moment, 
I wrote the following: "Aeroplanes fly 
above us, an observation balloon is up to 
our right and our guns are booming and 

57 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

jarring the earth. I am sitting on the edge 
of an old trench from which the Huns were 
driven earher in the war, and there were 
wooden crosses nearby, some bearing only 
the word, ^Allemand,' others having the tri- 
color nailed to them with the words *La 
Patria' and the name of the fallen hero 
painted beneath. These are signs of the 
past. Boche shells bursting in our territory 
remind us of that. But from this hillcrest 
I can see that we are returning ten to one. 
"What a beautiful land to be torn by war ! 
Quaint villages are nestling among Lor- 
raine hills. The villages are in ruins but it 
is spring and in spite of Mars, mother na- 
ture has clothed the hills with verdant 
growth; wild flowers are springing up and 
forests are donning their spring foliage. In 
the distance the peaks of the Vosges pierce 
the clouds. And here we are, men, mutilat- 
ing, scarring, hurting you, for what ? After 
all, you, beautiful land, are the creation of 
the same all-powered force which gave us 
life, and our suffering is as great as yours. 
We are mutilating you and ourselves for 
principles and ideals worthy of Him of 
Nazareth. 

58 



LORRAINE 

"Evening is spreading its black mantle 
over the scene but the glare from the guns 
is only accentuated. There is a flash, a roar, 
smoke pours from the muzzle of our engine 
of destruction. Soon with the glasses we 
can see through the dusk the burst of the 
high explosive shells in the German lines. 
Night has come, rockets illumine their own 
brilliant courses over No Man's land and 
star shells hang for a moment in the air 
casting a stunning light, of a brightness 
even surpassing daylight. 

"As a picture it would all be beautiful and 
romantic, at the guns it is work. The gun 
crews are sweating, their energies, minds, 
muscles, applied to the work of ramming 
shells into the breach of cannon, pulling the 
lanyard, which releases the firing pin, 
whereupon the projectile goes hurling to- 
ward Germany. In the front lines the 
doughboys are anxiously awaiting the zero 
hour when they will ^go over the top'." 

On the third day the doughboys went 
over at daylight and penetrated far into the 
Boche reserve lines, where some prisoners 
were captured, but the work of the artillery 
was so effective that most of the Huns they 

59 



RAINBOW UOOSIER 

saw were corpses and the trenches and dug- 
outs were completely destroyed. This oper- 
ation was augury for the future. It was 
the first illustration of the spirit and prin- 
ciple which made the Rainbow Division so 
successful in every battle. That principle 
was co-operation. Every unit worked to- 
gether and there was born mutual respect 
and confidence between them. We thought 
our doughboys the greatest soldiers in the 
world and they in turn sang the praises of 
the artillery. 

I have asked doughboys if they wouldn't 
like artillery better than infantry and have 
always received an answer, "No, boy, you 
can have your place back of us, where the 
big ones bust and make holes big enough to 
build a house in, but, believe me. Til stay in 
the front lines and take my chance with the 
rifle and machine-gun bullets." Of course, 
the front lines are bombarded by artillery 
at times, but for the most part artillery 
sends and receives many more shells than 
the doughboys get. 

The data for artillery was figured from 
maps; however, complete accuracy could 
not be attained without observation. Ob- 

60 



LORRAINE 

servation posts are situated in any place 
where a good view of enemy territory can 
be obtained. They may be on a hill in the 
rear of the guns but more often are in front 
and sometimes are in the front lines or even 
in No Man's land, being always concealed 
from enemy sight. The observer goes to the 
O.P., directs his binoculars toward the tar- 
get and by telephone orders the battery to 
fire. A typical conversation would run as 
follows : 

O.P.: "Is battery ready to fire?" 
Battery Position: "Battery ready to fire." 
O.P.: "Fire." 

Battery Position: "On the way." 
Perhaps the explosion of the projectile 
would be to the right of the target. Then 
the observer would perhaps change the 
data. 
O.P.: "Left five, elevation the same." 
Battery Position: "On the way." 
The shell strikes directly in front of the 
target, hence is short and the elevation is 
increased. Then the target is hit and fire 
for destruction is given. 

Not all of our time was spent dosing the 
Huns with shells. Inspections were regular 

61 




RAINBOW HOOSIER 

occurrences, especially at the horse line, 
where horses, wagons, harness and rifles 
had to be kept spick and span, the expres- 
sion, "Inspections will win the war," was a 
product of these days. Pay day came once 
a month, sometimes, and then the old army 
game held its sway for a time. Afternoon 
passes were sometimes given the drivers, 
and at such times Baccarat was visited. 
However, the greatest side attraction of the 
war proved to be the cooties. Some soldiers 
who claim to have been at the front have 
said that one gets used to cooties, but that 
is not so. They are such staunch friends 
that it is almost impossible to get rid of 
them without a complete change of equip- 
ment being made. We also had some trou- 
ble with trench fever and scabies, which 
were carried or caused by them. Of course, 
if one was sick he could get medical atten- 
tion, which meant a couple of C. C. pills, 
usually. 

So few if any United States soldiers had 
ever been subjected to such a life, yet it 
was surprising how quickly they adapted 
themselves and accepted it as a matter of 
course. All soldiers usually have a grouch 

62 



LORRAINE 

and complain, but never for one instance do 
they hesitate or slacken in their duty. It 
is only in the silent hour in deep meditation 
does he let his mind revert to better things. 
It is then that home and memories of moth- 
er comes back to him. When a boy^s task 
is light and his surroundings pleasant, he 
may forget, but when hardships and danger 
come, it is then that home and mother 
looms up before him. 

It is the hardship, turmoil, dangers, death 
and destruction of war that makes our sol- 
diers realize and appreciate what the veter- 
ans of the Civil War went through, so it 
was Declaration Day at home that inspired 
a soldier boy to write his grandmother the 
following letter: 

In the Trenches, 
Somewhere in France. 

Dearest Grandma — No doubt you are ob- 
serving Memorial Day as usual, honoring 
the soldiers of our country and decorating 
the graves of those who have crossed the 
Great Divide. We at the front can not 
pause from our task of pouring shells into 
the Boches, but our minds must revert to 

63 



RAINBOW IIOOSIER 

the olct heroes of the Nation, who furnish 
us the ideal example of patriotism and the 
inspiration which makes us proud and ready 
to serve the flag. So when we suffer re- 
verses and the outlook seems black, we will 
be buoyed up by their example and recall 
that America has been and always will be 
victorious. A nation lives largely in the 
past, its history is its living face. Before 
we entered the war the Germans called us 
'Idiotic Yankees'' and ''Lifeless Money 
Bags.'' We turned to our history and be- 
came confident again that these w^ere lies, 
and when the time came we could depend 
upon our citizens as of old. The example 
that I have always tried to live up to is 
Grandpa, because he not only did his duty 
always, but lead a clean life while doing it. 
He made me want to be a soldier by his 
stories of the war when I was a child at his 
knee, but with it all there was a great dread 
in my heart, for I did not have confidence in 
myself. I wondered what I would do if the 
U. S. would fight another war. Would I 
volunteer or w^ould I try to keep out of it? 
Life is sweet to every young man, and it 
would be much easier to stay at home than 

64 



LORRAINE 

to don a uniform ; would mean trials, hard- 
ships and, perhaps death. So when I en- 
listed I felt happier than ever before be- 
cause I had conquered the fear of myself 
and acted as I knew grandpa would have 
acted. 

In memory of him and of thousands 
others like him, I am going to gather some 
wild flowers today and will put them on the 
graves marked by plain wooden crosses of 
some soldiers who lie in the open field in 
the rear of our gun position, in that way I 
can pay tribute to our heroes of the past, 
just as you do at home. 

At eleven o'clock, on the evening of June 
nineteenth, the regiment said farewell to 
the Lorraine front. General Duport, com- 
manding the sixth French army corps, with 
which we had served, cited the division in 
general orders to its "fine military qualities, 
offensive ardor and services rendered" dur- 
ing our hundred-and-ten-day occupation of 
the sector. ir ioiq 

6th Army Corps. ^^^'^ ^^^^ ^^> 1^^^' 
Staff. First Bureau No. 3243-1. 

GENERAL ORDERS No. 50. 

At the moment when the 42d U.S. Divi- 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

sion is leaving the Lorraine front, the Com- 
manding General of the 6th Army Corps 
desires to do homage to the fine military 
qualities which it has continuously exhib- 
ited, and to the services which it has ren- 
dered in the Baccarat Sector. 

The offensive ardor, the scene for the util- 
ization and the organization of terrain as 
for the liaison of the arms, the spirit of 
method, the discipline shown by all its of- 
ficers and men, the inspiration animating 
them, prove that at the first call, they can 
henceforth take a glorious place in the new 
line of battle. 

The Commanding General of the 6th 
Army Corps expresses his deepest grati- 
tude to the 42d Division for its precious 
collaboration; he particularly thanks the 
distinguished commander of this division. 
General Menoher, the officers under his or- 
ders and his staff so brilliantly directed by 
Colonel McArthur. 

It is with a sincere regret that the entire 
6th Army Corps sees the 42d Division de- 
part. But the bonds of affectionate com- 
radeship which have been formed here will 
not be broken; for us, in faithful memory, 

66 



LORRAINE 

are united the living and the dead of the 
Rainbow Division, those v^ho are leaving 
for hard combats and those who, after hav- 
ing nobly sacrificed their lives on the land 
of the east, not rest there, guarded over 
piously by France. 

These sentiments of warm esteem will 
be still more deeply affirmed during the 
impending struggles where the fate of Free 
people is to be decided. 

May our units, side by side, contribute 
valiantly to the triumph of Justice and 

Right. GENERAL DUPORT, 

Comxmanding the 6th Army Corps. 
(Signed) DUPORT. 



67 



1 .hr^ 










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v»# »^V'~' 



ft 













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^v wi^:^ 



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\ 



(MIAITKR VIII. 

liiliiiKI l<> \' icloifi, (IS l*(frl of F<h-Ii,\^ Anny 
of Muneuvcr, 

A'V tin's liinc Vovh w«'is massing!," his 
arniy of iiiuiKniver. Tlic addilion 
of Anicr'ican ii'oops to his forces had 
enabled fiiiii to do this. Mven the; newest 
Yankee divisions served to replace the exp(;- 
rieneed Freneli and American troops in the 
(juiet sectors, and tFie British wc^rc; addin^.'^ 
to th(» force by })rin^in^ the rcjserve troops 
which had remaincMl in I'jn^Iand as a safe- 
/^uard, acrOvSS tlici cfiaruK^I. The balance of 
man power vv'as swin.e;infjf to the Allies, (!ven 
in this dark liour; yet the enemy was tri- 
umphant and confident in his recent suc- 
cesses and th(» crisis was yet to ))e reached. 
Tlie Rainbows hence fortli were to j)lay their 
])art in history as a shock division. 

Ludendorf Imd bee;un his drives in March 
when tlie British army barely (iscaj)ed dis- 
aster in Picardy and as a result of his Aisne 
offensive he had advanced toward the; Marnc 
and held a position threatening l*aris. This 
was the black hour for the Allies, and it 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

must be said that their fortitude in this 
great crisis saved the cause of democracy; 
but they were fighting with their backs to 
the wall and the Huns exulting in their suc- 
cesses were planning the final drive, which 
the German people were assured would force 
a German peace upon the world. Could the 
Allies withstand another blow? The only 
ray of light on the situation from their 
standpoint was the American army. Gen- 
eral Pershing had placed the United States 
Army at the disposal of Marshal Foch on 
March 28th, and now in the middle of the 
night we were beginning our hike to the 
lines where we would meet the Hun at the 
height of his power and success. Would we 
make good? We were anxious to try and 
we were going to have that opportunity. 

We reached Hallainville after an all night 
hike, where we awaited our turn at entrain- 
ing. Three days later we hiked to Charmes, 
where we entrained for a day and night 
ride. We unloaded at Chalons at 7:30 P.M., 
from whence we hiked to the camp of Dam- 
pierre, which we reached at midnight. We 
spent five days here grooming and washing 
wagons mainly. Then we made the next leg 

70 



HIKING TO VICTORY 

of our journey by an all-night hike which 
brought us to camp at Somme Vesle. 

We celebrated the Fourth of July on the 
first, for as the chaplain, alias Snow Drift, 
said, we couldn^t tell where we would be on 
the Fourth. The band which had become 
quite an efficient organization, from its long 
days of practice in Baccarat, gave a pro- 
gram, and Lieutenant-Colonel Carter made 
a patriotic speech of the spread eagle va- 
riety. When he had finished and the ap- 
plause had died away, a buck was heard to 
say, "Fine, but it was the same kind of a 
speech that got me into this man^s army." 

Near camp was a French aviation field 
where we were always welcome. The areo- 
planes were of the large type, having twin 
motors and carrying four machine guns. 
Upon the bodies of the planes each aviator 
had painted an elaborate picture of some 
animal, perhaps a dragon or a goat. This 
same custom was carried through all the 
Allied armies, for example, certain truck 
train would have an arrow as its insigna 
as would each of its trucks with that em- 
blem, or perhaps with a girPs head, a heart, 
or a donkey. The purpose of this was not 

71 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

altogether decorative; but men are more 
apt to remember a picture than a number, 
so for their benefit both markings were em- 
ployed and some confusion was eliminated. 
The same tendency for giving names to in- 
animate objects was shown by the naming 
of cannon. Names typical of our howitzers 
were ^^Maggie Magee/^ ^^Charlie C." and 
"Old Deutsche Cleanser." 

The night of the fourth saw us on our 
way again, passing througli Sippes to the 
great plain, called Camp De Chalons, where 
our guns were pulled into position. This 
was one anniversary of our nation's birth 
which we will never forget. We were hap- 
pier to be here where the brilliancy of the 
electrical display over No Man's land took 
the place of the celebrations at home, simply 
because wt knew v/e v/ere where we be- 
longed. 



72 



CHAPTER IX. 

Stopping 11 ic Fifth German Drive at 
Champagne. 

THE air of expectancy prevailed among 
us as we made feverish preparations 
to meet the Hun^s final great effort. 
We dug additional gun pits and stacked up 
ammunition. The chalky plain and the bald 
white hills in the distance, among them the 
mountains of Rheims, seemed comparative- 
ly peaceful during these days, but we knew 
all hell would break loose soon. 

General Gouraud, commanding the 
French Fourth Army to which we were at- 
tached, appealed to his men and us in stir- 
ring phrases, asking us all to stand firm. 
He said, *'We may be attacked at any mo- 
ment, and the bombardment will be terrible, 
but you will stand it without weakening. 
The assault will be violent in clouds of 
smoke, dust and gas, but your position and 
armament are formidable. In your 
breasts beat free men's brave, strong 
hearts. Nobody will look behind nor re- 
cede a pace. Each of you will have one 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

thought — to kill and kill many until they 
cry *enough\ For this reason your General 
says you will break this assault and it will 
be broken gloriously." 

At eleven-thirty, on the night of July 14th, 
the battle, the Kaiser's Waterloo, and the 
turning point of the war, began. We 
thought we were veteran soldiers but we 
had never experienced anything like this. 
Our commanders had obtained advance in- 
formation concerning the German plans, 
consequently we opened up first with our 
artillery. 

For sixty kilometers the front was a line 
of flame, the noise was terrific; surely the 
elements had combined with man in this 
scene of destruction. We could not distin- 
guish between the bursts of the enemies 
shells and the roar of our own guns; it was 
an awful melee. The mechanism of war 
was overshadowing its creator, man. What 
a tiny part an individual played in a great 
battle, we here realized. 

Our guns were firing as fast as we could 
feed shells into them and our comrades were 
doing likewise. The delirium of combat was 
upon us and even the blowing up of one of 

74 



STOPPING THE DRIVE 

our guns did not cause firing of the other 
guns to slacken. 

The explosion was so terrific that only a 
few scraps of the gun remained. As I held 
the stump of a bleeding arm of one of my 
comrades to stop the flow of blood and 
heard him say, "Fm not very badly hurt but 
I guess my bit is done; you fellows go 
ahead," I came to realize the real meaning 
of war, the waste, and barbarism of it all. 

When the Huns came over they got a re- 
ception of death ; but on they pressed, tanks 
leading, followed by flame throwers and in- 
fantry. They could not waver for we had 
thrown such a hurricane of shells in their 
rear that turning back meant death. They 
attacked at 4:17 on the morning of the fif- 
teenth, supported by their artillery barrage, 
which the press called the most intense of 
the war. But anticipating all this, General 
Gouraud had ordered our first line strip of 
trenches evacuated, so when the Huns 
reached our trenches they found them emp- 
ty, with constant death raining into them 
from our guns. The piles of German dead 
were the price of his failure. 

After his failure the Boche showed his 

75 



RAINBOW IIOOSIER 

caliber by sending his aeroplanes over 
Chalons. The Huns destroyed sixty build- 
ings in the town, twenty-six kilometers be- 
hind the lines. Many women and children 
were killed and all the inhabitants were 
forced to sleep in the open fields for safety. 

The Germans had expected to be in 
Chalons at eleven A.M., as captured orders 
proved. Instead they suffered 50,000 casual- 
ties, capturing temporarily our undefended 
front lines, which our boys recaptured in 
the afternoon. Among the others, our Ala- 
bama wildcats, with trench knives as their 
only weapons, attacked the Huns, killing all 
who did not escape to their own lines. As 
Ludendorf admitted later, the German of- 
fensive w^as really broken on the first day 
of the battle, and the way was paved for the 
allied counterstroke three days later, giving 
Foch the initiative which he held to the end 
of the war. 

General Naulin, our Corps Commander in 
Champagne, cited the division in general 
orders as follows: 

"At the moment wiien the 42d American 
Division is on the point of leaving the 21st 
Army Corps, I desire to express my keen 

76 



STOPPING THE DRIVE 

satisfaction and my sincere thanks for the 
services which it rendered under all condi- 
tions. 

"By its valor, ardor and its spirit, it has 
very particularly distinguished itself on 
July 15 and 16 in the course of the great 
battle where the fourth army broke the 
German offensive on the Champagne front. 

"I am proud to have had it under my or- 
ders during this period; my prayers accom- 
pany it in the great struggle engaged in for 
the liberty of the world." 




77 



CHAPTER X. 

From Champagne to Chateau Thierry. 

FOUR days after the battle we were on 
the way to the scene of the greatest 
allied victory since the first battle of 
the Marne. It had been a great satisfaction 
to stop the Hun^s greatest drive in its 
tracks, but we knew it would be a greater 
joy to drive them, so it was a confident and 
happy regiment which hiked to Chalons, the 
city we had helped to save. It was a clear, 
moonlight night, ideal for air work, and 
just as we had finished loading all the anti- 
aircraft guns in the vicinity we began fir- 
ing on Boche bombing squadron. The Hun's 
target was the railroad, a thunderous noise 
was heard, then a series of crashes; but all 
the bombs landed to the side of the loading 
platforms. The sky was brilliantly Hghted 
by the tracer and incendiary bullets which 
leaped to the skies, as do fire balls from a 
roman candle, locating the planes. The rays 
of many searchlights were sweeping the 
skies crossing each other. 
"This is not a helluva a lot safer than the 

78 



CHATEAU THIERRY 

front/' one fellow remarked. In fact, we 
did not feel as much at ease here as we did 
on the front for we felt helpless, we could 
do nothing but keep quiet and sweat. With 
a crash another bomb exploded, this time 
farther away. The rays of a searchlight fell 
directly upon one of the raiders and the 
roaring guns and sputtering machine guns 
directed their fire upon him; but he was 
making for home and the roar of his engine 
became fainter and died away. 

Our journey seemed almost a triumphal 
one, for at every station we were madly 
cheered by the people. We v/ere reminded 
of our journey from Fort Harrison to Camp 
Mills. Everybody waved flags and hand- 
kerchiefs and "Vive Y Amerique" was upon 
all lips. Especially enthusiastic were the 
people of Paris, who threw flowers as well 
as kisses as our train passed. It was this 
wonderful spirit which kept them optimistic 
through the four dark years until this day 
of victory. 

We detrained at Lizy and immediately 
began the hike to the town where we were 
to remain a few days awaiting our turn to 
go up to the lines. On the morning of July 

79 



RAINBOJV IIOOSIER 

twenty-fifth, we began our journey on the 
National road into Chateau Thierry. The 
road was alive with a moving mass of traf- 
fic. Thousands of trucks, most of them 
driven by Annamites, yellow people from 
the French protectorate of Annam, were 
carrying men and material for the drive. 
As we passed along the road we saw the 
signs of recent battle, woods bore marks of 
conflict, grain fields were trampled and torn 
with shell holes, boxes of German ammuni- 
tion and shells were scattered everywhere. 
The stench of rotting bodies permeated the 
atmosphere, dead men and horses were 
sometimes piled together. 

We reached Chateau Thierry in the after- 
noon, parked our wagons and pieces in the 
streets and watered our horses in the his- 
toric Marne. The bridge across the river 
which had been blown up by the Germans 
was already being rebuilt by the Yankee 
engineers. The buildings of the city had 
been scarred by machine gun bullets while 
in places trenches had been dug across the 
streets. The Huns, following their custom, 
had looted every building. Along the roads 

so 



CHATEAU THIERRY 

we saw such loot as silk hats, frock coats 
and ladies' wear. 

After a hot meal in the evening we set 
out to complete our journey. The traffic be- 
yond Chateau Thierry was even more con- 
jested than we had seen in the morning; 
supply trains, artillery, ammunition trains 
and infantry were moving up while ambu- 
lances filled to the running board with 
wounded were coming back. We passed 
through some of the most desolate villages 
we had ever seen, mere piles of stone frag- 
ments. As we were coming up we were 
asked the soldier's natural question, "What 
outfit," and when we answered 42d, the re- 
marks ran thusly, "Oh, Rainbow, now 
there'll be some hell raised." 



81 




N/-3 



CHAPTER XL 

Over the Ourcq to the Vesle, 

BEFORE Trugny and Epiede, among the 
Aisne forests, slashed with hastily dug 
trenches, filled with the spoils of war 
and with stinking corpses our guns went 
into position. We began directing our fire 
into the Forest De Fere, which was filled 
with enemy machine-gun nests. 

There was no rest, always we were push- 
ing on ; often when we had just obtained the 
range to the German lines we were ordered 
to move forward, for the Boche had again 
been forced out of range of our death-spit- 
ting howitzers. Through weary days and 
nights we preceded along the shell-swept 
roads. Within three days our first lines had 
reached the Ourcq and we began sweeping 
the opposite bank with harrassing fire. 

At the same time our positions were be- 
ing heavily shelled and our ammunition 
trains had to travel the roads under the 
hellish enemy fire. Our drivers made a 
splendid spectacle, dashing up the roads, 
driving the three teams which drew their 

83 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

caisson filled with precious ammunition for 
our guns. We had seen them bringing up 
amnuuiition in Champagne where with even 
shells bursting in their paths they continued 
on without hesitation. On this day a shell 
struck beneath the caisson corporaFs horse, 
killing it and wounding the man; despite the 
explosions of shells on every hand, several 
men came from cover, picked him up and 
carried him to the dressing station, while 
the caisson continued its journey. The tele- 
phone men had their hands full in keeping 
their lines in order, for they were being con- 
tinually broken by shell fire. Often while 
one was repairing a line in one place a shell 
would explode beyond and break it again; 
but fatigue was not thought of by them, 
their job was to keep the vital communica- 
tions in order and they did it. 

At times, such incidents as the knocking 
out of the bottom of a water bag by a shell 
would make us laugh, for at such times, 
when death threatened every moment, we 
had to find rehef in some sort of a joke. If 
a man barely escaped being killed he always 
laughed about it. This was a peculiar psy- 
chological fact which always held true that 

84 



OVER THE OURCQ 

the times of greatest danger saw us making 
jokes of the most serious incidents. 

Assurance always came with firing the 
guns for we knew we were more than pay- 
ing Fritz back and the joy of that made us 
disregard our own danger. An event which 
always aroused our enthusiasm was the ap- 
proach of German aeroplanes. We had al- 
ways had two machine guns to each battery 
but here we had added tv/o captured Boche 
guns and every man was equipped with a 
pistol or a rifle, so when a Boche plane came 
close to us we let go with them all. Our 
own planes were sadly outnumbered at this 
time, so that the Huns came over us at will. 

One day a party of five enemy planes 
came over us, a short distance away they 
dropped their bombs, which we could plain- 
ly see, into the wood a short distance in 
front of us. In doing this they swooped 
toward the ground. This was the maneuver 
we were waiting for and we let go with 
all of our firearms and the machine guns; 
four of the planes made their get away, but 
one, wishing to teach us a lesson, executed 
a spiral dive swooping toward us and 
opened his machine gun upon our first gun 

85 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

crew, which was still firing upon the Ger- 
man lines. We riddled him with bullets, for 
he was so close that we could have hit him 
with stones. By the sound of his engine we 
could tell that the plane had been hit. He 
tried to rise, but it was of no use; we did not 
stop peppering him with led, and he crashed 
to the ground. With a yell we ran across 
the field and surrounded his plane and 
dragged the pilot and observer from their 
seats. They were wounded in the head and 
were bleeding, but their thoughts were far 
from that. They had been told that Ameri- 
cans killed their prisoners and they were 
begging us not to shoot them. Of course, 
we had no intention of doing that and they 
were given first aid treatment before being 
sent to the rear to the intelligence depart- 
ment, where prisoners are questioned to 
obtain information. 

I recall here the great change in our atti- 
tude toward German prisoners after we 
had reached the front Before we had been 
in battle we regarded the German prison- 
ers as unfortunate men and we entertained 
little hatred for them; in fact, we pitied 
them. But after we had begun fighting, 

86 



OVER THE OURCQ 

our attitude changed. Every day we saw 
our comrades killed and some of the living 
worse than dead, some with arms and legs 
missing, others with a jaw or part of the 
head blown off, some blinded and gassed. 
These Huns had introduced many inhuman 
methods of warfare and in their unfairness 
and deceptions showed that they had no 
honor, so we came to despise them. How- 
ever, we treated them fairly when we had 
taken them prisoners, fed them and then 
sent them back of the lines to work. 

We had been firing as fast as the ammuni- 
tion was brought up and were evidently a 
sore spot for the Huns, who could not locate 
us. The wood in front of us had been 
shelled continually and some of our horses 
which were tied there were killed, some 
even being blown up over the tree tops. 
The wood was filled with Yankee dead, but 
still we fired. A bombing squadron came 
over us and a lone Allied plane picked bat- 
tle with one of the Huns. Strange to say, 
the other Boches fled, being bombers and 
not combat planes. It was the prettiest air 
battle we had ever seen. The maneuvering 
was graceful, as if they were playing in- 

87 



RAINBOW IIOOSIER 

stead of being locked in a death struggle. 
The Allied plane turned a flip clear around 
the Hun, riddling him with bullets. The 
Hun made a spiral nose dive toward the 
ground trying to escape from his antagon- 
ist, not knowing that we were beneath him 
with our rifles and machine guns, only wait- 
ing for him to become separated before we 
should fire on him. As he approached the 
ground we let go and finished the already 
shattered plane. It crashed to the ground 
amid our yells of joy. The victorious plane 
circled about his fallen victim to make sure 
his victory and disappeared. The pilot was 
still living and was immediately sent to the 
hospital, where probably he was saved if 
the ambulance which carried him reached 
the hospital without delay. 

The Yankees had crossed the little 
stream, dignified by the name of river, 
with a magnificent dash which will remain 
forever an honor to the Rainbow record. 
In the face of terrible machine gun fire the 
Rainbows had swept on capturing hill No. 
212, Sergy, Mercy, Ferme and Seringes. 
The 150th F. A. regiment^s duty had been 
to blow up the machine gun nests and pre- 
ss 



OVER THE OURCQ 

pared positions and it had done it well. 
Our infantry was relieved on August sec- 
ond, but we continued on in support of the 
4th division, moving forward in the rain, 
hungry, and tired. Our greatest streak of 
good luck v/as to come across an overturned 
cart full of bread. We were already carry- 
ing in our v/agons all sorts of equipment 
from machine guns to hand towels, which 
the Hun had left in his flight. We passed 
through Fere-en-Tardenois which was badly 
wrecked with piles of masonry and debris 
fining its streets. The nights were pitch 
black and the ground muddy so that with 
enemy fire directed upon us our path could 
not have been called easy. In spite of the 
difficulties we were making excellent pro- 
gress and the smoking powder dumps and 
burning villages ahead of us proved that we 
were steadily driving back the best enemy 
troops, the Prussian Guards. 

We were encountering every sort of Ger- 
man gas and the klaxons and sirens often 
sounded the alarms; but they never caught 
us napping for we always carried our masks 
at the alert, upon our chests where we could 
slip into them while holding our breaths. 

89 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

Another thing which saved us from being 
gassed was the warning the gas shells made 
when it burst. All shells, except the whiz 
bangs which explode before the sound 
reaches the ears, come over lazily meowing 
like a cat, developing into a scream as it 
approaches; the high explosive bursts with 
a terrific roar but the gas shell explodes 
with a pop. The Huns were also accommo- 
dating with their extreme orderliness and 
efficiency, because their shells came over 
with precise regularity, so that, except in 
case of bombardments when everything is 
in a turmoil, we could tell by the watch 
when their next one was coming over. Dur- 
ing the latter part of the drive the Allied 
planes became more numerous and we had 
decidedly the best of the air battles. It was 
no uncommon sight to see a swarm of them 
fly over the German lines and then to see 
one of them dip down from the rest and 
make for a sausage balloon. The Germans 
would immediately start to draw the balloon 
down, while the observer sprang out with 
the parachute, but the Allied plane would 
dive toward the sausage firing his machine 
gun. Whenever the incendiary bullet 

90 



OVER THE OURCQ 

would strike the bag it would burst into a 
great flame, while the remains fell to earth 
leaving a trail of black smoke. 

When the Vesle had been reached the 
operation of reducing the salient was fin- 
ished and we were relieved by the Fourth 
division. General Pershing issued a gen- 
eral order paying tribute to the service and 
achievements of all divisions which had 
taken part in the operation. He said: "You 
came to the battlefield at the crucial hour 
of the Allied cause. For almost four years 
the most formidable army the world has as 
yet seen had impressed its invasion of 
France, and stood threatening its capital. 
At no time has that army been more power- 
ful or menacing than when on July 15, it 
struck again to destroy in one great battle 
the brave men opposed to it and to enforce 
its brutal will on the world and civilization." 

"Three days later in conjunction with our 
Allies, you counter-attacked. The Allied 
armies gained a brilliant victory that 
marked the turning point of the war. You 
did more than give our brave allies the sup- 
port to which as a nation our faith was 
pledged. You proved that our altruism, 

91 



RAINBOW IIOOSIER 

our pacific spirit, our sense of justice have 
not blunted our virility or our courage. You 
liave shown that American initiative and 
energy are as fit for the tests of war as for 
the pursuit of peace. You have justly won 
the unstinted praise of our Allies and the 
eternal gratitude of our countrymen. 

We have paid for our success in the lives 
of many of our brave comrades. We shall 
cherish their memory always and claim for 
our history and literature their bravery, 
achievements and sacrifice." 




92 



CHAPTER XII 

Chateau Thierry to St. Mihieh 

AT midnight August tenth, we pulled 
/\ out of position, hiking to the rear to 
^ ^ a place which we had occupied before 
but under different conditions. After get- 
ting a little sleep in the morning we visited 
the commissary which v/as located in a 
nearby town, where we bought the first 
chocolates we had eaten since leaving Camp 
Coctquidan. Naturally we ate so many that 
we were sick later. 

Next evening we hiked to a wood near 
Epiede, where we pitched our pup tents on 
the soft grassy bank of a small stream. We 
received some new clothes and after taking 
a bath in the creek and discarding our old 
clothing we felt like new men. When we 
were not grooming horses or washing equip- 
ment and harness we were allowed to sleep 
and it certainly was sweet sleep with no 
shells bursting about and little noise. We 
had been under a great strain during the 
drive and we wished nothing better than 
complete relaxation; but we had to continue 

93 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

our journey while the old rumor circulated 
about that we were going to a rest camp. 

According to army orders we were enti- 
tled to a ten-day furlough every four 
months, but our regiment was never given 
one during its entire service. Thousands of 
troops, who had fought in the big drive 
were given passes to Paris, the Mecca of 
every Yankee of the A. E. F. but we were 
destined never to see that city. Instead we 
continued our hike, even being ordered to 
wear our heavy helmets instead of rest caps 
and had to carry our side arms and rifles. 
No man, except the drivers, was allowed to 
ride a wagon. 

Going up we had been met only with the 
signs of our victorious advance, abandoned 
equipment and ammunition scattered every- 
where, the countless dead lying unburied 
and odorous. 

Coming back we followed almost the 
same route, but the scene had changed. De- 
tails of engineers had buried the corpses, 
marking the graves with rude crosses, if 
they had time, perhaps a rifle or bayonet 
being used as a marker. Often a helmet 
served the purpose. If an American grave, 

94 



ST. MIHIEL 

the fallen soldier's indentification tag was 
fastened to the marker. The salvage corps 
had gathered up all the war materials for 
use against its makers. Great orderly piles 
of ammunition, helmets, and other discard- 
ed equipment were to be seen on every hand. 

Near one of our stopping places we had 
the opportunity of viewing the greatest 
piece of booty which our army had captured 
in the drive. It was one of the largest guns 
ever manufactured and had cost the Huns a 
prodigious amount of toil in moving it to 
the front. After the Boche had made his 
way to Chateau Thierry in his spring drive 
and his line had been stopped, he began pre- 
pairing to hold the salient which he had 
driven in the Allied front. 

An important feature of his plans was 
the emplacement of his greatest big Berthas 
within his lines, for with such a gun he 
could sweep the back areas of the Allies 
with harassing fire and could endanger our 
lines of communication. The German has 
always prided himself in his big guns and 
this one was his greatest joy because he 
could shell Paris with it. 

The tube was so large that it required 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

seven flat cars to transport it. It was set 
upon a huge turret which revolved upon ball 
bearings, each one larger than a man^s head. 
A standard gauge railroad ran through the 
center of the turn table upon which the gun 
was set and on each side was another track 
upon which ammunition was transported. 

This gun emplacement was located in the 
midst of a wood, in the center of which a 
large clearing had been made. The tree 
tops about the clearing were charred and 
burnt from the effects of the gun^s explo- 
sions. 

The most impressive sight of our return 
journey, however, was the influx of refu- 
gees who were coming back to claim their 
recaptured homes. It was characteristic of 
these French villagers to stick to their 
homes under any conditions and often dur- 
ing battles they had to be driven from their 
villages to places of safety. Now when the 
greater danger was over and they were 
allowed to return to their beloved homes, 
they lost no time about it. It did us good to 
see their joy upon returning even to these 
destroyed homes and desolated villages. I 
know we fought bitterly for it. 

96 



ST, MIHIEL 

Children building play-houses out of the 
stones from the ruins of their own homes; 
the old woman digging for a treasure which 
she had hidden in her garden upon the 
approach of the Hun, such scenes aroused 
emotions within our breasts not expressed 
by pity, but rather by admiration for their 
dauntless spirit, and for their great confi- 
dence in us, in our allies and in our cause. 

On the morning of the seventeenth we 
arrived at Lizy, where we entrained. Next 
day our train passed through the cities Dor- 
man, Chalons and Epernay. The last named 
city is famed for its champagne and in pass- 
ing through we saw the great plants where 
the champagne is made. The buildings 
resembled oriental palaces in their gilded 
domes and elaborate decorations. In the 
evening we arrived at our detraining sta- 
tion. From here each battery hiked to its 
respective village, for it was impossible to 
billet larger units in the small villages. In 
fact during our entire service the assem- 
blage of the regiment in one place was the 
exception and not the rule, so in speaking 
of the towns in which we have been billeted 
in our journeys I may mention a village in 

97 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

which only a part of the regiment wa3 quar- 
tered. 

The inhabitants had been told of our com- 
ing and were out in force to greet us. 
During our stay they maintained the same 
friendly attitude and we were able to vary 
our army slum with good French home cook- 
ing. After our daily work which consisted of 
grooming and caring for horses and wash- 
ing equipment, harness, wagons, and guns 
we managed to get some rest. It was here 
that the parody, "Will there be any horses 
in heaven, if there are I don't want to go 
there," gained popularity. 

The villages of the Marne, in which the 
regiment was billeted, and of which Basson- 
court is an example, were very quiet, what 
we would call in the United States dead 
towns, but it was just this sort of town that 
we needed. There were only two tiny shops 
where one might at times buy a piece of 
chocolate or some jam, at extremely high 
prices of course, because of the scarcity of 
such things in France. 

There were no electric nor water system 
and only two pianos in the village, so the 
appearance of our band was a great occas- 

98 



ST, MIHIEL 

.sion. At such a time the populace would 
congregate before the Mairie (town hall). 
The peasants with their great wooden 
rakes, just come in from the fields, two or 
three men in city clothes, the old bald 
headed priest mingling with the soldiers, 
presented a curious scene. 

At this time a divisional order was is- 
sued as follows: 

Headquarters, 42d Division, 
American Ex. Forces, France, 
August 13, 1918. 

To the Officers and EnHsted men of the 
42nd Division: 

A year has elapsed since the formation of 
your organization. It is therefore fitting 
to consider what you have accomplished as 
a combat division and what you should pre- 
pare to accomplish in the future. 

Your first elements entered the trenches 
in Lorraine on February 21st. You served 
on that front for 100 days. You were the 
first American division to hold a divisional 
sector and when you left the sector June 
21st, you had served continuously as a divi- 
sion in the trenches for a longer time than 

99 



RAINBOW IIOOSIER 

any other American division. Although you 
entered the sector without experience in 
actual warfare you so conducted yourself 
as to win the respect and affection of the 
French veterans with whom you fought. 
Under gas and bombardment, in raids, in 
patrols, in the heat of hand to hand combat 
and in the long dull hours of trench routine 
so trying to a soldier^s spirit, you bore your- 
selves in a manner worthy of the traditions 
of our country. 

You were withdrawn from Lorraine and 
moved immediately to the Champagne front 
where during the critical days from July 
14th to 18th, you had the honor of being the 
only American division to fight in General 
Gouraud^s army which so gloriously obeyed 
his orders. "We will stand or die," and by 
its iron defense crushed the German assault 
and made possible the offensive of July 18th 
to the west of Rheims. 

From Champagne you were called to take 
part in exploiting the success north of the 
Marne. Fresh from the battle front before 
Chalons, you were thrown against the 
picked troops of Germany. For eight con- 
secutive days you attacked skillfully pre- 

100 



ST, MIIIIEL 

pared positions. You captured great stores 
of arms and munitions. You forced the 
crossing of the Ourcq. You took hill No. 
212, Sergy, Mercy, Ferme and Seringes by 
assault. You drove an imperial guard divi- 
sion before you for a depth of 15 kilometers. 
When your infantry was relieved, it was in 
full pursuit of the retreating Germans, and 
your artillery continued to progress and 
support another American division in the 
advance to the Vesle. 

For your services in Lorraine, your divi- 
son was formally commended in General 
Orders by the French army corps under 
which you served. For your services in 
Champagne, your assembled officers re- 
ceived the personal thanks and commenda- 
tions of General Gouraud himself. For 
your services on the Ourcq, your division 
was officially complimented in a letter from 
the Commanding General, First Army 
Corps, of July 28, 1918. 

To your success, all ranks and all services 
have contributed, and I desire to express to 
every man in the command my apprecia- 
tion of his devoted and courageous effort. 

However, our position places a burden of 

101 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

responsibility upon us which we must strive 
to bear steadily forward without falter- 
ing. To our comrades who have fallen, we 
owe the sacred obligation of maintaining 
the reputation which they died to establish. 
The influences of our performance on our 
Allies and our enemies cannot be overesti- 
mated, for we were one of the first divisions 
sent from our countrv to France to show 
the world that Americans can fight. 

Hard battles and long campaigns lie be- 
fore us. Only by ceaseless vigilance and 
tireless preparations can we fit ourselves 
for them. I urge you, therefore, to ap- 
proach the future with confidence, but 
above all, with firm determination that so 
far as it is in your power you will spare 
no effort, whether in training or in combat, 
to maintain the record of our division and 
the honor of our country. 

CHARLES T. MENOHER, 
Major-General, 
United States Army. 

We were told that this was not a rest 
camp but a retraining camp, and this we 
realized with a start when, on the second 

102 



ST, MIHIEL 

week our schedule called for work from 
reveille, 5:15 A.M., to retreat, at 6:30 P.M. 
Again we were started in at rookie drill and 
did all of our squads right stuff over and 
over; but moving orders saved us on the 
third day and we were on the way to the 
next drive. Roubecourt, Bulgneville, Land- 
aville and Neufchateau were on our route. 
At Bulgneville we met some British sol- 
diers. They were very enthusiastic about 
the turn the war had taken and, strange to 
say, gave America the credit. 

I had always heard that the British were 
conceited and ungrateful, but I found that 
those statements were untrue. One Lon- 
doner said that if the Yanks hadn^t come 
over the Huns woud have had both London 
and Paris in a short time. Another Amer- 
ican spoke to a Tommy about the great 
drive the British army was then making, 
and he said: "Well, you made us ashamed 
of ourselves and we had to do something.'' 

North of Neufchateau our hikes became 
longer and harder, notwithstanding the 
great hardship on men and horses. We 
were needed for the drive, which the whole 
American army had been talking about. 

103 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

Whenever a horse would drop in his tracks 
we would unharness him and bring up one 
of the extra horses to take his place, so that 
the hike was little delayed. The nights were 
so chilly that the drivers had to dismount 
and walk at times, while the boys who were 
walking sought a rest in the saddle. To- 
ward morning one could hear the remark 
that we were "almost there," and as we 
approached a village everybody would spec- 
ulate as to whether this was our town at 
last. 

As we approached Mandres we found the 
roads alive with troops and artillery mov- 
ing forward, every sign of the approaching 
battle was in evidence and an air of ex- 
pectancy prevailed. In the black night of 
September 7th, we pulled into our positions 
on the new front. 



104 



CHAPTER XIII. 

Saint Mihid, the First Ail-American 
Victory, 

OUR first four days upon the new front 
were days of feverish activity. We 
piled up the great number of shells 
brought us and got the guns into working 
order. The telephone details ran their lines 
from the battery to the P.C. and O.P. and 
set up their switchboards in shellholes or 
trenches. In running a line to the obser- 
vation post, which was located directly be- 
hind the infantry trenches in a wood, one 
of the details ran across a store of food 
consisting of corned beef and hardtack and 
cans of monkey meat. Work was stopped 
a moment while we filled our shirts with 
boxes of hardtack and cans of monkey 
meat. Just then a doughboy came along 
and informed us that all the stores were 
condemned, having been tainted with mus- 
tard gas. We noted that they were in good 
solid tins and being hungry decided to take 
the risk, so we carried them off, one of the 
boys remarking that he always did like 

105 



RAmBOW IIOOSIER 

iiiustard with his meat and bread, anyway. 
No f ataUties resulted from the consumption 
of the goods, so the news spread and soon 
small parties could be seen going forward, 
disregarding the risk of occasional shell 
bursts and snipers' bullets, and soon the en- 
tire store had vanished. 

The days were quiet, but we knew it was 
the calm preceding the storm. We were 
all jubilant and confident of the future. We 
came in contact with American divisions 
which had just come across and it was a 
shame the way the Rainbow-Hoosiers de- 
scribed the lurid details of warfare to them 
and told of manv hair-raisino: adventures. 
Two service stripes give an American sol- 
dier unofficial license to spiel unbelievable 
tales without contradictions from Yankees 
of lesser experience. 

The very little time which we had off 
duty was spent at the Y.M.C.A. reading 
room or in the Salvation Army building in 
Mandres. Arguments over the merits of 
the Y.M.C.A. have always been rife in the 
regiment, but there was none regarding the 
Salvation Army, for here they served hot 
pancakes from morning until night to the 

106 



ALL-AMERICAN VICTORY 

soldiers. It will probably be admitted by 
all that our regiment received few benefits 
from the "Y" during its entire service in 
Europe, compared to the benefits which 
units behind the lines and in the camps of 
the United States received. Writing paper 
was usually plentiful but it was the little 
luxuries which we craved for, and we never 
received a sufficient supply of such things. 
Weeks at a time we were without a single 
bar of chocolate, and the few sweets we 
could at times buy from the French were 
very expensive. During these weeks we 
were continually reading of all the good 
which was being done for the dear boys at 
the front and of course it made us all the 
more angry, until the "Y" lost almost all 
the respect it had ever had. We knew that 
the drafted boys at home were being bene- 
fitted by the organization and learned in 
our slight contact with the back areas that 
the members of the S.O.S. were receiving 
supplies. The papers told us of the hotels 
and theaters in Paris and at Aix-Les-Bains 
which had been acquired by the "Y" for the 
entertainment of soldiers on leave, but as 
we never had the pleasure of going on 

107 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

leave, this meant nothing to us. If we wrote 
about the situation in our letters to the 
folks at home the censor would strike the 
passages out and as Hoosiers are not in- 
clined to be crabbers anyway, we let the 
matter drop. The Y.M.C.A. secretaries 
were, as a rule, good and conscientious men, 
but they could do nothing, they said, be- 
cause of the difficulties of transportation. 
They claimed that the staff would not give 
them enough trucks to carry their supplies 
to the front, so there the question rested, 
with no one satisfied. The army commis- 
saries were no better, because they were 
usually so far behind the lines that we 
could not visit them and only headquarters 
companies and staff's received the benefits. 

We noticed that when our Congressman 
Eland v/ent back to the States he told the 
truth about the Y. M. C. A., but it seemed 
no one believed him. In fact, we read an 
editorial in a Fort Wa3me paper attacking 
him bitterly for his uriA_mericanism. Some 
day, and soon perhaps, the soldier boys will 
say what they think about it all. 

An editorial from the "Stars and Stripes," 
January 24, 1919: 

108 



ALL-AMERICAN VICTORY 



To be thoroughly fashionable these days 
it is absolutely essential to jump on the 
Y.M.C.A. All the best people are doing it. 
An investigation at the Red Triangle has 
been in progress in the States and the same 
newspapers which, a few months ago, were 
rashly giving over their columns to quite 
unscrutinized publicity for the Y^s are now 
devoting those columns to the most blister- 
ing criticism. 

Out of all the jabber there will probably 
emerge the fact that the Y.M.C.A. was un- 
expectedly burdened with a much bigger 
task than it could possibly have performed 
to the satisfaction of all concerned, and that 
it was chiefly handicapped by an unfortu- 
nate chosen personnel. In its personnel its 
chief weakness was lain. 

And on this point it should be remem- 
bered that the Y, unlike the government, 
has to take what it could get. It could not 
draft, and it was obliged to do its recruiting 
for a most difficult job after the best Amer- 
ica could boast in youth and enthusiasm had 
already been pledged to the Army and 
Navy. 

109 




RAINBOW HOOSIER 

How difficult its problem was you will 
never appreciate till you try to select a half 
a dozen ideal Y secretaries from among 
your own acquaintances. Old Shag Brown, 
the former football star, you say. But 
Brown was an artillery officer-graduate of 
the first Plattsburg camp. Buck Jones, then. 
But Buck has five kids and couldn't possibly 
walk out on them. Well, then. Hank Nor- 
ton. Ah, but Norton enlisted in the infantry 
and was killed leading his platoon on No- 
vember 11th. You see, it wasn't easy. 

Perhaps it would have been better if the 
Y.M.C.A. had been a mere shell to receive 
the money the home folks were sure to want 
to blow on luxuries for their boys at war, 
a great plate to catch not only the millions 
of oil kings, but the nickels of the wash- 
woman. The personnel to distribute all 
these bounties could have been chosen from 
the army's own ranks — as time went on — 
from among the men crippled in the fight- 
ing. A wounded man would have made tlie 
ideal Y.M.C.A. secretary. There was no one 
else in all the world who could have under- 
stood soldiers so well or been so well under- 
stood by them. 

110 



ALL-AMERICAN VICTORY 

At 1:00 A.M., September 12th, our con- 
centrated artillery with all its might sent 
over the stupendous and fierce barrage, 
which we had all expectantly longed to hear. 
The roar was so loud that we could scarcely 
distinguish the deep intonation of our own 
howitzers from the sharp report of the 75^s. 
Behind us the great naval and railroad guns 
were sending their messages of death and 
destruction toward Metz and its railroads. 
For four hours the deafening roar and 
blinding flashes of cannon continued, send- 
ing over the terrible barrage. 

Then at 5:00 A.M. the infantry went over 
preceded by the tanks. On this morning 
a brilliant rainbow emerged from the mists 
across the horizon. With cries of the Rain- 
bow the boys of our division leaped ahead 
of the tanks and pressed on in irresistible 
waves to the German trenches. 

The enemy replied with feeble artillery, 
machine gun and rifle fire. They were in a 
demoralized state by this time and those 
who had escaped death in their sumptuous 
dugouts surrendered in droves. The Yanks 
pressed on, attaining every objective, and 



111 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

on the second day the operation was com- 
pleted. 

At last our air service was superior in 
numbers or equal, at least, to the enemy 
during a battle. It was a new experience 
for us to be unmolested by Boche planes, in 
fact, almost every Hun who made his ap- 
pearance was downed in flames or forced 
down by maneuvering, and by the superior 
strategy of the American pilot. Our bomb- 
ing planes harassed the lines of communi- 
cation far behind the German lines contin- 
ually. 

The engineers also had a superhuman 
task in making the roads over No Man's 
land passable. All day and all night they 
worked indefatigably. Old roads were re- 
paired and new roads were constructed, 
while in very bad places bridges and wood- 
en roadways were built of wooden planks. 

The congestion of roads was extremely 
bad. One night we were on the road near 
Seicherprey for ten hours exposed to a chill- 
ing wind, and we wore no overcoats, when 
we made the progress of only three kilo- 
meters. In all our experience of hikes this 



112 



ALL-AMERICAN VICTORY 

was the worst, for inaction is much harder 
upon a man than continuous walking in 
such weather. For one thing the sensation 
of being unable to sleep, though one is fa- 
tigued, is very unpleasant. Meanwhile 
droves of Hun prisoners were streaming 
back of the lines. Our divisional prison pens 
were filled. Each prisoner was put through 
a questioning test for the purpose of ob- 
taining information. In the open pens they 
seemed very happy at having come out of 
the battle alive. They were all smiles and 
waved to their own comrades as they came 
in the gate. One of them said, "The war is 
over but the Kaiser doesn't know it." The 
officers did not appear quite so cheerful, 
for on every hand they were jeered by their 
own soldiers. 

In its advance the regiment passed 
through Beaumont, Flirey, Essey and 
Pannes. The last named town had been a 
supply base for the Huns and we found 
vast stores of equipment and food there. 
Eventually all the streets were given Amer- 
ican names, for example, Rue Rainbow, Rue 
Indiana and Rue Alabama. 

Our final positions were in the woods be- 

113 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

fore Beney. The entire operation had gone 
off like clockwork, every objective had been 
attained in the two days' fighting and an 
immense amount of arms, ammunition and 
supplies had been captured, besides 16,000 
prisoners and 443 guns, at a cost of only 
7,000 casualties, most of which w^ere light. 
The entire world was thrilled by the signal 
success of the new American first army. 
The Huns saw defeat staring them in the 
face and never regained the morale they 
had lost. Of prime importance, too, was the 
freeing of the large territory from German 
domination, and at last our lines were in a 
position to threaten Metz. 

Now we settled down to hold what we had 
gained and to establish a strong line here 
which we should have for the next Ameri- 
can troops who should occupy this sector. 
We were living in luxurious little houses 
which the Huns had erected in the woods. 
They were roughly constructed and their 
interiors resembled those of the lumber 
camp shacks in North America, with the 
double-decked bunks ranging the w^alls with 
deutsche postcards and pictures of Hinden- 
burg and the Kaiser. They even had elec- 

114 



ALL-AMERICAN VICTORY 

trie lights. In some of the surrounding 
buildings we found carloads of propaganda 
papers. One of them, called "America in 
Europe," paid the Rainbow division a com- 
pliment by criticising it. 

Our days were moderately active and in 
the nights we were usually visited by bomb- 
ing planes. The Boche made several at- 
tempts to counterattack but they were all 
dismal failures. 

Beney was shelled by the Boche regular- 
ly, but we had made some explorations over 
there and in doing so saw some fine gardens 
which the Boche had cultivated, thinking 
that he would enjoy the products. But as a 
result of his "strategic retreat" they were 
left unused. So the brilliant idea struck us 
that we should reap the benefits and accord- 
ingly a party of five visited the place one 
day. 

It so happened that the potato patch in 
which we were intently digging, was under 
enemy observation and as we were toiling 
away, whiz, bang, came a big shell over to 
our particular patch. We lost no time about 
starting the other way, but we were bound 
to hang on to our sacks of precious food, 

115 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

even when another shell exploded a little 
closer. We might die, but if we didn't, we 
would have something to show for the time 
we had spent. Another came over, this time 
so close that we were showered with mud. 
Into our wagons we jumped, and galloped 
off down the street while the shells 
screamed, for the first few shells were only 
preliminary to a general bombardment. 
The potatoes were eaten with satisfaction 
at supper time but we never visited Beney 
again. 

On the night of the twenty-fourth, we 
packed up and moved to new positions in a 
vast forest near Vigneulles. Our 0. P. was 
on the hill upon which Hattonchated is lo- 
cated, from whence we had a commanding 
view of the surrounding country. The en- 
emy's mainstay in this sector was the long 
range guns which swept our back areas, 
and casualties were higher at our echelons 
in the rear than at the battery positions 
themselves. However, we could see no 
prospects of advancement here and cast 
about for new fronts to conquer. 



116 



CHAPTER XIV. 

Night Hikes to Montfaticon. 

OUR hope of not missing an American 
drive during the war was gratified 
at nightfall, October 1st, when the 
regiment moved off the Woevre front on 
our journey to the Meuse-Argonne battle. 
We spent the first day in a woods near Non- 
sard, for our rest came during the day and 
our movements were carried on under cov- 
er of darkness, the object being, of course, 
to keep all information of troop movements 
from the enemy. During our hikes the men 
were not permitted to smoke, as even the 
light of a cigarette might furnish a tar- 
get for enemy bombers, one of their mns- 
sions being to interfere with movements 
along the roads behind our lines. 

On the second night v/e passed through 
the elaborate enemy trenches; this time on 
the left of what had been the boundries of 
the salient for four years. V/e might note 
here why the Germans were so successful in 
the methods of trench warfare. They built 
their trenches and dugouts with the aim of 

117 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

maximum comfort and protection. So we 
were surprised when we swept over these 
old lines on our attack to find them made 
of concrete with dugout interiors furnished 
with booty gathered from captured French 
towns, and in appearance resembling civil- 
ian homes, even having electric lights. It 
was this expenditure of effort upon these 
defenses which made the Hun think that 
they were impregnable. 

This continuous warfare along this 
front had, however, laid waste the country 
and the towns along the battle line. One of 
the beautiful villages typical of this dese- 
cration was La Croix. The moon cast its 
light upon the village and we could see the 
beautiful cathedral now in ruins, but ap- 
pearing all the more beautiful for that, and 
standing proudly a monument to the Hun's 
barbarism. 

Past Troyon we left the Verdun road and 
traveled northwest, also beginning day 
hikes. As the rumble of artillery on the 
new front became more distinct, the more 
of the American army in reserve seemed to 
line the roads to see our procession. One 
major of the Medical Corps remarked, 

118 



NIGHT HIKES 

"Here's where hospital trade picks up," 
which remark contained more truth than 
poetry, for it was by this time an estab- 
lished fact that the Rainbows never hesi- 
tated in the face of any danger but carried 
on, and naturally its casualty list was al- 
ways high. The last days of the hike were 
through the historic Verdun battle region, 
in which were such famous spots as Dead 
Man's Hill. The former No Man's land was 
the most desolate, ravaged region we had 
ever seen. Nothing had been permitted to 
live, the trees were charred, scarred, dead; 
the ground had been ploughed by artillery 
so long that it w^as a mass of shell holes. 
Our engineers had built wooden bridges 
over the ground, for no wagon could ever 
have been hauled across the surface, which 
resembled a choppy sea. In Hesse forest we 
pitched our pup tents for the night's sleep; 
but level spots could not be found, except 
in the shell holes, which were filled with 
water, so we had to be contented to sleep on 
ridges of the uneven surface. 

The morning of October seventh saw the 
regiment on the way to the front and pass- 
ing through towns and villages which ex- 

119 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

isted only in name. In fact, the engineers 
were obtaining the stone for repairs from 
the mounds of debris which had once been 
homes. We passed through Montf aucon, in 
which town a few walls were still standing. 
From the hill upon which the town was sit- 
uated we had a commanding view of the 
surrounding landscape, a wonderful pano- 
rama of hills and valleys verdant v/ith life 
lay before us, for the territory north of 
Montf aucon had not been fought over since 
1914, though the French had made some 
progress toward it after defeating the 
armies of the Crown Prince before Verdun, 
when the German hordes swept over it. 
Even the countless bursts of enemy pro- 
jectiles added to the beauty of the scene. 



120 



CHAPTER XV. 

The Meuse-Argonne Drive, 

THE enemy was sweeping the entire 
area with his artillery when our guns 
were pulled into position that night, 
but next day it was even worse. The fire 
directed upon us were the whiz-bangs, 
which, unlike the average shells, gave no 
warning of their coming because they trav- 
eled faster than sound. The first one could 
see of them was the white column of smxoke 
running from the ground it had struck, the 
sound came later. Gun positions are always 
selected behind the crest of a hill or down 
the slope, so that the hill may be a protec- 
tion. Most shells will either hit on the op- 
posite side of the crest or will go over into 
the valley, so that the position is hard to hit. 
However, on this front the shells were com- 
ing over so fast and thick that no place was 
safe and our casualties were high. 

It was no uncommon thing to see a wagon 
blown off the road or a field kitchen hit or 
a gun struck, all of which of course meant 
casualties. Yet, a soldier never has but one 

121 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

thought, and that is to go forward, regard- 
less of what might happen to him. But aft- 
erwards he may reahze what a narrow es- 
cape he had and feel thankful, as an inci- 
dent will show from a page of my diary. 

"October 8th— We were discussing the 
German peace appeal to President Wilson 
which was printed in a paper we had gotten 
from an ambulance driver. 

"Art said: These whiz-bangs Fritz is 
putting over don't sound like peace to me 
any more than those we are dosing him 
with.' 

" 'Well, anyway you take it, boys, weVe 
got him licked, and I believe that all of us 
who live through this battle will get home,' 
replied Danny." 

A shell had already wounded two near 
our kitchen. Shells w^re exploding every- 
where, so one place was as safe as another. 
I went over and had just started eating 
when I saw the part of the temporary 
trench, which we were using for a telephone 
central, screened by an exploding shell. I 
thought it had come over, but no. Just then 
Smithy and Nitterfield jumped out calling 
for help. 

122 



MEUSE-ARGONNE DRIVE 

We were immediately on the way with 
stretchers, when I looked down I saw that 
poor Art was dead — an arm completely sev- 
ered from his body. Dan has a hole through 
his stomach, but there are hopes that he will 
live. Cliff was seriously wounded about the 
legs and arms, while Smith and Nitterfield 
were also wounded. They all went to the 
hospital in the same ambulance. 

It is a great blow to me, for though we 
have lost men on every front, these were 
my best pals, and I have worked with them 
from the time I joined the battery. Danny 
died on the way to the hospital. 

(OfRcial report by Col. Robert H. Tyndall, Commander of 
the regiment, to Adjt. Gen. Harry B. Smith. 

Killed in Action 
Long, Arthur D. Battery "B", October 8th, 1918. 

Died of Wounds 
Slentz, Daniel R.. Battery "B", died October 8th, 1918. 
(Died of wounds received in action, October 8th, 1918.) 

Fine boys; there wasn^t a yellow streak 
in them. And this is the reason why the 
slackers had better keep their heads shut 
when we come back. While getting the 
switchboard out of the wrecked trench, a 
shell exploded near me and I fell flat in the 
trench. I got a jolt in the back and was 
scared to moved for fear I was knocked out, 

123 



RAINBOW nOOSIER 

but had to laugh when I found it was only 
a chunk of mud thrown up by the shell. I 
set the switchboard up behind the guns. 
All communications are operating O.K. 
again. 

The chaplain came over and Art was 
buried. I saw them bury him from a dis- 
tance, while fixing up the demolished 
switchboard. I couldn't be there, but my 
heart was with him anyway. A simple 
cross marks the grave and a Rainbow 
marker will be placed there later. 

The following night we paid the Huns 
back with interest, the artillery activity 
along our lines reaching an intense drum 
fire. During these days w^e witnessed some 
great air activity and at times the air was 
black with planes. The largest number of 
planes within sight at one time was eighty- 
two. They flew in parties maintaining defi- 
nite formations until an enemy esquadrille 
was sighted, then single planes would swoop 
down, picking off single planes from the op- 
posite group. 

Our dogged progress in the face of stub- 
born enemy resistance continued and we left 
Montf aucon and Charpentry in the rear and 

124 



MEUSE-ARGONNE DRIVE 

came to the vicinity of Exermont, along the 
valley among the hills toward Landres and 
St. Georges, where we took the place of the 
first division, which returned to the back 
areas in reserve. The nature of the ground, 
which was ideal for machine-gun defense 
and very difficult for the attacking force, 
made this sector the scene of the hardest 
and most stubborn inch-by-inch fighting in 
which the Rainbow Division had ever par- 
ticipated, and this was saying much, for we 
had been in the line more days than any 
other division. The task of the American 
army was the most severe of the entire 
front, for its positions was the hinge of the 
Allied offensive. Since a victory here would 
mean the destruction of the rail communi- 
cations of the German army through Mez- 
ieres and Sedan and would result in a great 
German defeat, the German general staff 
staked everything on holding us here. The 
best Hun divisions were sent to oppose our 
army, thus weakening his other fronts and 
permitting the British and French to ad- 
vance. In spite of the enemies, desperate 
resistance we were making progress, step 
by step. 

125 







RAINBOW HOOSIER 

An example of the terrific combat and 
one of the toughest jobs assi^rned to our di- 
vision was the taking of Hill 288. Though 
history generally marks victories by the 
names of cities, towns or rivers some of the 
most important and critical operations in 
this war have been against positions iso- 
lated and generally unknown; as an exam- 
ple of this, Chateau Thierry might be taken, 
for the mention of that town thrills the na- 
tion, yet the actual capture of the town was 
nothing as difficult as the capture of certain 
hills north of the Ourcq. 

Our glorious divisions had fought in 
every form of warfare, staple trench war- 
fare in Lorraine, defensive in Champagne 
and in the Chateau Thierry and St. Mihiel 
drives we assumed the offensive. The only 
method we did not know was retreat. Our 
first attack against the hill was attempted 
from the front, but we received a setback; 
from the woods on either side of our infan- 
try poured death in the form of machine- 
gun and rifle bullets and shells of 77's fired 
point blank. Some tactician might say we 
here got our first taste of defeat, but the 
Rainbow commanders knew that it meant 

126 



MEUSE-ARGONNE DRIVE 

nothing to our doughboys except greater 
determination, so other attacks were 
launched and finally they succeeded in pass- 
ing the first strands of barbed wire which 
protected the Huns. Through the woods, 
up the slippery slopes on all sides they 
pressed on, meeting with obstructions and 
a terrible fire. They lost many men but 
didn^t know how to quit until their job was 
finished. The artillery was assisting them 
in every way possible, the shells from our 
155 howitzers tearing up machine-gun 
nests, barbed wire and trenches before 
them. The hill was won and the few Huns 
who lived through the battle were taken 
prisoners. 

In other operations we were assisted by 
the tanks and their work was magnificent. 
We were often sharing the same billet with 
the men of the tank corps and our admira- 
tion for them was high. For the most part, 
they were equipped with the small two-man 
French tanks, which had the advantage of 
being fast. The duty of the tanks was to 
go ahead of the infantry and rush into the 
midst of enemy lines and defenses, there- 
upon to fire their one-pounders to attain as 

127 



RAINBOW IIOOSIER 

much destruction as possible. Oftentimes 
they would pass over the nests destroying 
the machine guns, which, of course, was a 
great help to the infantry, who followed 
them closely. A well placed shot from a 
Hun anti-tank gun would put the tank out 
of business, however, and often would kill 
the driver who sat in the front of the 
armoured compartment, or perhaps it would 
strike into the turret chamber where the 
gunner was using his one-pounder. The 
German anti-tank gun is a huge rifle which 
fires a bullet about five times the size of a 
Springfield rifle bullet. These tank boys 
were philosophical, as almost all soldiers 
are, and believed that they would not get 
killed until their turn came, or, as they put 
it again, they would not die until the bullet 
with their number on it came over. There 
has been a great deal said about the religion 
of fighting men, but I have found that it 
varies in the man very little from civil life, 
except that such barriers as creeds often 
have to be done away with in the army. 

Even the chaplains, who are ministers of 
certain churches, become very liberal in 
their thought and have no trouble in 

128 



MEUSE-ARGONNE DRIVE 

preaching sermons acceptable to Catholics, 
Protestants, Jews and free thinkers alike. 
Men have, however, had more time to think 
of such things since joining the army, for 
many hours spent at the front when read- 
ing was impossible had to be taken up some 
way and the best method of using the time 
seemed to be in meditation. Usually a 
greater faith in Providence was a result and 
a resolve to live better in the future if one 
was lucky enough to live through the war. 
The baser things of life assumed practically 
no place in a soldier's thoughts, while the 
real fundamental facts attained their cor- 
rect place. Country, loved ones, friends, 
and homes received almost all his thoughts. 
Nothing was so valuable, yes, priceless, as a 
letter from home. 

On October fourteenth, the first corps of 
which we were a unit, launched an attack 
at 8:30 A.M. with extensive artillery prep- 
aration. We used O.A. shells with I.A.L. 
fuses which made the most powerful ex- 
plosive we had, having a destructive area 
of two hundred meters. The barrage was 
terrific, lasting several hours and as a result 
of the attack we captured Sain Juvin. Slim, 

129 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

an old friend of ours of the Alabama wild- 
cats, was among the wounded coming back 
from the attack. The way to the hospital, 
this being his third wound, "Oh boys," he 
said, "You all doan know how powerful you 
alls guns is. Why when the barrage came 
creepin' along upon the Dutch they blowed 
'em in all directions, slaughterin' 'em like 
the hogs they are." 

The observation posts of the regiment 
were located on one of the hills we had cap- 
tured from which a fine view of the enemy 
territory could be obtained. Telephone 
lines were run from the batteries to these 
posts so that the observer could direct the 
firing of his battery at the same time as he 
was watching the explosions of his projec- 
tiles in relation to his target. These lines 
had to be run in spite of mud and other dif- 
ficulties and kept in working order. The 
southern side of the hill was thick with fox- 
holes occupied by the reserve infantry, for 
its steep slope was a good protection against 
enemy shell fire. Except when an attack is 
launched or expected by one side or the 
other, only a fraction of an infantry force 
is stationed in the front lines, while the 

130 



MEUSE-ARGONNE DRIVE 

majority are stationed in places which af- 
ford better protection and at the same time 
are so situated that the men can be quickly- 
brought up in case of emergency. 

The Huns knew that we were using the 
hill for observing purposes and he made it 
as hot as possible for us by sending over his 
compliments in the form of shells. If one 
happened to be in the right state of mind 
the constant singing of the projectiles was 
funny. Through the observing glasses at 
one time we saw a small party of German 
soldiers carrying a Red Cross flag across 
No Man's land. Strange to say, not a shot 
was fired at them, either by the doughs or 
the artillery, though they made a fine tar- 
get. I say strange, for so often they used 
an innocent means to cover a sinister pur- 
pose. 

The progress of the first army had 
reached the point now which justified an 
attempt to break the German line, and 
thereby, in all probability, to bring the Ger- 
mans into such a state of chaos that they 
would be forced to sue for peace. 



131 



CHAPTER XVI. 
The Final Victory, 

IN conformation with the plans the Hoos- 
ier regiment moved to forward positions 
just in rear of the infantry trenches and 
between Flurville and Sommerance. The 
roads which we traveled in going up that 
night were being swept by shells and a sight 
not uncommon was the blowing up of 
wagons along the roads, in fact, some of our 
own caissons never reached their destina- 
tion. Never before had we occupied posi- 
tions closer to the enemy lines, for here we 
were in range of their machine guns. 

However, we made our preparations, 
erecting some protection for the guns as 
well as for ourselves, camouflaging and 
bringing up ammunitions. Then we laid 
low; we could not even fire, for that would 
have meant sure destruction. We were so 
close up that the Huns could easily have 
blown us up with their guns had we re- 
vealed our location. As it was, we were con- 
stantly harassed by the enemy fire. We 
were used to being under fire and to having 

133 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

our comrades wounded or killed in our 
midst; but at other times we had the sat- 
isfaction of giving them overdoses of their 
own medicine; here, however, we had to 
turn the other cheek. Not being content 
with firing H.E/s into us, the enemy added 
gas. His aeroplanes came over often and 
dropped some bombs. The sensation cre- 
ated by hearing the whine of a shell coming 
in our direction and the suspense while 
waiting for it to explode, was not pleasant. 
Often we were showered with mud and 
fragments, while of course some of the fel- 
lows got worse than that. No one knew 
when his time would come and we prayed 
for the big drive to begin. 

At 3:00 A.M., November first, the battery 
executive gave the order to fire, and at the 
instant our guns spoke the entire concen- 
trated artillery of the First American 
Army broke forth as if set off by an electric 
spark. Countless machine guns behind us 
added their sharp popping to a turmoil. 
The front was ablaze and the noise was ter- 
rific. We could scarcely hear our own guns 
fire and conversation was impossible. At 
last we were giving it to the Huns, every- 

134 



THE FINAL VICTORY 

body was happy and paid no attention to 
the bursts of enemy projectiles in the vicin- 
ity. The greatest barrage we had ever par- 
ticipated in was on, surely nothing could 
withstand it. The fury of righteousness 
was loosed against the barbaric autocrats, 
the result could have been nothing but vic- 
tory. 

The infantry following our barrage 
broke the enemy's lines and resistance. On 
they swept with us following with the great- 
est speed possible, days and nights of con- 
stant pursuit. The Hun armies were routed 
and each day added to our gains. By the 
eleventh the Rainbows had reached Sedan, 
the farthest point of American advance, 
and were still pressing on. General Per- 
shing's official report read, "On the sixth a 
division of the first corps (Rainbow) 
reached a point on the Meuse opposite Se- 
dan, twenty-five miles from our line of de- 
parture. The strategical goal which was 
our highest hope was gained. We had cut 
the enemy's main line of communications 
and nothing but surrender or an armistice 
could save his army from complete dis- 
aster." 

135 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

^^SUPERB— NO OTHER WORD'^ 
Says Marshal Foch of Yanks. 



Marshal Foch, in an authorized interview 
at Trier this week, told a gathering of 
American correspondents: "Your soldiers 
were superb. Yes, they were superb," he 
continued, "There is no other word." 

The statement follows, in part: 

"It is for me a happy opportunity to tell 
you all the good I think of the American 
army and of the part it played at our side. 
Your soldiers were superb. They came to 
us young and enthusiastic, carried forward 
by a vigorous idealism, and they marched to 
battle with admirable gallantry. 

"Yes, they were superb. There is no 
other word. When they appeared our 
armies were, as you understand, fatigued 
by three years of relentless struggle and the 
mantle of war lay heavily upon them. We 
were magnificently comforted by the viril- 
ity of your Americanism. The youth of the 
United States brought a renewal of hope 
that hastened victory. 

"Not only was this moral factor of the 
highest importance, but also you brought 

136 



THE FINAL VICTORY 

enormous material aid, and the wealth 
which you placed at our disposal contributed 
to the final success. Nobody among us will 
ever forget what America did, and you 
know what happened on the fields of battle 
since the month of July; first, on the Marne 
and then in the region of Verdun. General 
Pershing wished, as far as possible, to have 
his army concentrated in an American 
sector. 

"The Argonne and the heights of the 
Meuse were a sector hard to tackle. There 
were there considerable obstacles. *A11 
right', I said to him. *Your men have the 
deviFs own hunch. They will overcome 
everything. Go to it.' And finally every- 
thing went well. Everything went so well 
that here we are on the Rhine. 

"MARSHAL FOCH." 

"General John J. Pershing, A.E.F., France: 

"Accept my warmest congratulations on 
the brilliant achievements of the army un- 
der your command. The boys have done 
what we expected of them and done it in 
the way we most admire. We are deeply 
proud of them and their chief. Please con- 

137 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

vey to all concerned my grateful and affec- 
tionate thanks. 

(Signed) "WOODROW WILSON." 

Received by Pershing. 

"My Dear General: 

"The First American Army under your 
command on the first day has won a mag- 
nificent victory by a maneuver as skillfully 
prepared as it was valiantly acted. I extend 
to you as well as to the officers and troops 
under your command my warmest compli- 
ments. 

"MARSHAL FOCH." 

The following telegram was received 
after the battle : 
"General Pershing, Headquarters, A.E.F.: 

"All ranks of the British army in France 
welcome with unbounded admiration and 
pleasure the victory which has attended the 
initial offensive of the great American 
Army which is under your personal com- 
mand. I beg you to accept and to convey 
to all ranks my best congratulations and 
those of all ranks of the British armies un- 
der my command. 

(Signed) "HAIG." 

138 



THE FINAL VICTORY 

"Headquarters, 42d Division, A.E.F. 

"To the Officers and Men of the 42d Divi- 
sion: 

"On the 13th of August, I addressed to 
you a letter summarizing the record of 
your achievements in Lorraine, before 
Chalons and on the Ourcq. On the occasion 
of my leaving the division I wish to recall 
to you your services since that time and to 
express to you my appreciation of the un- 
failing spirit of courage and cheerfulness 
with which you have met and overcome the 
difficult tasks which have confronted you. 

"After leaving the region of Chateau 
Thierry you had scarcely been assembled in 
your new area when you were ordered to 
advance by hard night marches to partici- 
pate in the attack of the St. Mihiel salient. 
In this first great operation of the Amer- 
ican army you were instructed to attack in 
the center of the 4th army corps and to de- 
liver the main blow in the direction of the 
heights overlooking the Madine river. In 
the battle that followed you took every ob- 
jective in accordance with the plan of the 
army commander. You advanced fourteen 

139 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

kilometers in twenty-eight hours. You 
pushed forward advance elements five kilo- 
meters farther, or nineteen kilometers be- 
yond your original starting point. You 
took more than 1,000 prisoners from nine 
enemy divisions. You captured seven vil- 
lages and forty-two square kilometers of 
territory. You seized large supplies of 
food, clothing, ammunition, guns and en- 
gineering material. 

"Worn though you were by ceaseless 
campaigning since February, you then 
moved to Verdun region to participate in 
the greatest blow which your country's 
armies have struck west of the Meuse. You 
took Hill 288, La Tuilerie Farm and the 
Cote DeChatillon and broke squarely across 
the powerful Kriemhilde Stellung, clearing 
the way for the advance beyond St. Georges 
and Landres-et-St. Georges. Marching and 
fighting day and night you thrust through 
the advancing lines of the forward troops 
of the First Army. You drove the enemy 
across the Meuse. You captured the 
heights and dominating the river before Se- 
dan and reached in the lines the farthest 
point attained by any American troops. 

140 



THE FINAL VICTORY 

"Since September 12th you have taken 
over 1,200 prisoners; you have freed twen- 
ty-five French villages; you have recovered 
over 150 square kilometers of French terri- 
tory and you have captured great supplies 
of enemy munitions and material. 

"Whatever may come in the future, the 
men of this division will have the proud con- 
sciousness that they have thus far fought 
wherever the American flag has flown most 
gloriously in this war. In the determining 
battle before Chalons, in the bloody drive 
from Chateau Thierry to the Vesle, in the 
blotting out of the St. Mihiel sahent and in 
the advance to Sedan you have played a 
splendid and leading part. 

"I know that you will give the same un- 
failing support to whoever may succeed me 
as your commander, and that you will con- 
tinue to bear forward without faltering the 
colors of the Rainbow division. I leave you 
with deep and affectionate regret, and I 
thank you again for your loyalty to me and 
your services to your country. You have 
struck a vital blow in the greatest war in 
history. You have proved to the world in^__^ 

141 ^ 



/3 ?1 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

no mean measure that our country can de- 
fend its own. 

"This order will be read to all organiza- 
tions at the first assembly formation after 
its receipt. 

"JOHN J. PERSHING, 
"General Commander-in-Chief, 
"American Expeditionary Forces. 
"Official: ROBERT C. DAVIS, 
"Adjutant-General." 

The enemy has capitulated. It is fitting 
that I address myself in thanks directly to 
the officers and soldiers of the American 
Expeditionary Forces, who, by their heroic 
efforts, have made possible this glorious 
result. 

Our armies, hurriedly raised and hastily 
trained, met a veteran enemy, and by cour- 
age, discipline and skill always defeated 
him. Without complaint you have endured 
incessant trials, privations and dangers. 
You have seen many of your comrades 
make the supreme sacrifice that Freedom 
may live. 

I thank you for the patience and courage 
with which you have endured. I congratu- 

142 



THE FINAL VICTORY 

late you upon the splendid fruits of victory 
which your heroism and the blood of our 
gallant' dead are now presenting to our na- 
tion. Your deeds will live forever on the 
most glorious pages of American history. 

Those things you have done. There re- 
mains now a harder task, which will test 
your soldierly qualities to the utmost. Suc- 
ceed in this and little note will be taken and 
few praises will be sung; fail, and the Ught 
of your glorious achievement of the past 
will sadly be dimmed. 

But you will not fail. Every natural ten- 
dency may urge toward relaxation in dis- 
cipline, in conduct, in appearance, and in 
everything that marks the soldier. Yet you 
will remember that each officer and each 
soldier is the representative in Europe of 
his people and that his briUiant deeds of 
yesterday permit no action of today to pass 
unnoticed by friend or by foe. 

You will meet this test as gallantly as you 
have met the tests of the battlefields. Sus- 
tained by your high ideals and inspired by 
the heroic part you have played, you will 
carry back to our people the proud con- 

143 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

sciousness of a new Americanism born of 
sacrifice. 

Whether you stand on hostile territory or 
on the free soil of France, you will so bear 
yourself in discipline, appearance and re- 
spect for all civil rights that you will con- 
firm for all time the pride and love which 
every American feels for your uniform and 
for you. 

JOHN J. PERSHING, 
General Commander-in-Chief. 

The citation was signed by Brigadier- 
General MacArthur and Colonel William N. 
Hughs, Jr., chief of staff. The citation 
follows: 

"The Forty-second Division has now been 
in France more than a year. From the time 
it assembled from the ports of debarkation 
the division has remained continuously in 
the zone of the armies, its first training 
area being within the sound of the guns of 
St. Mihiel. In February, 1918, the division 
first went into line and has been in contact 
with the enemy almost continuously since 
that time until the armistice was signed by 
the Germans on November 11, 1918. Out 

144 



THE FINAL VICTORY 

of the 224 days of the great war which have 
elapsed since it first entered the line the 
division has been engaged with the enemy 
180 days and the balance of the time has 
been spent in moving from front to front or 
in reserve close behind the front. 

''The division was marched by road, trav- 
eled by camion and moved by train; it has 
held a wide sector front in Lorraine; it has 
been in battle in Champagne, in the Woevre, 
at St. Mihiel and in the Argonne. It was 
the only American division to assist in the 
disastrous defeat of the great German of- 
fensive of July 15th on the battlefield in 
Champagne. From that time on it has taken 
part in every large American operation. 

"In November, when German power was 
finally broken, the division as it lay before 
Sedan had reached the northernmost point 
attained by the first American army in its 
magnificent advance. 

"The American high command has long 
rated and employed the 42d Division as a 
first-class shock division. The French com- 
manders underwhom the division has served 
have cited it in orders and now a captured 
German document shows the regard in 

145 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

which the division has been held by the en- 
emy. The weekly summary of information 
for October 9, 1918, of the German group 
of armies which held the front from the 
Argonne to the Meuse, enumerates the 
American units on its front and makes the 
following statement: 

" The engagement of the 42d Division is 
to be expected soon. It is in splendid fight- 
ing condition and is counted among the best 
American divisions.' 

"In the course of its service the division 
has taken prisoners from twenty-six enemy 
divisions, including three imperial guard di- 
visions and twenty-two separate units." 




146 



CHAPTER XVII. 

Peace, 

DURING the days of strenuous ad- 
vance we heard rumors, or snow, as 
it is called in the army, of every con- 
ceivable event possible; the Kaiser had ab- 
dicated about a dozen times, the Huns were 
begging for peace and the war would soon 
be over, in fact, we were fooled almost as 
badly as the folks at home when, on the 
seventh, peace was celebrated. Our only 
advantage was that we were so used to 
snow that we believed nothing we heard 
anyway. We could get no newspapers, so 
we did not know what the situation was, 
but the hope was that the fruits of victory 
would not be snatched from us by anything 
short of a complete surrender. 

The dawn of the eleventh found the 
Hoosier regiment in the fields between 
Buzancy and Sedan worn out by incessant 
hiking over muddy country but happy in 
the confidence of victory. Firing had been 
heavy along the American front the night 
before and all the snow about peace seemed 

147 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

to have been untrue; but orders were re- 
ceived by the artillery to cease firing at 
eleven A.M., and on the dot hostilities 
ceased and the front became strangely 
quiet. We were now confident that it was 
over, but no one seemed to be inclined to- 
ward hilarity. We sat about the camp fires 
which were roaring now, with no care 
whether the enemy saw them or not, talking 
of home, or some might be seen walking 
about singing to themselves. 

Soon, however, the solemnity was lifted, 
for some of the boys had found a dump of 
signal rockets and lights, and in a short 
time the skies became brilliant with flares, 
lights and skyrockets. The band had come 
up to a nearby village and was playing with 
circus-day pep. The strains of song ema- 
nated from many a quartette and the most 
mooted question became, "When do we go 
home?" 

As darkness fell all doubts which had lin- 
gered in our minds were dispelled, for the 
country from No Man's land to Paris was 
ablaze. Fireworks of every description, 
signal rockets, star shells and flares added 
their brilliancy to the scene. Aeroplanes 

148 



PEACE 

dropped virey lights; the rays of search- 
lights swept the skies and camp fires blazed, 
but the strangest sight to our eyes were the 
roads lighted by the headlights of automo- 
biles, motorcycles and trucks, for in war 
time they had to travel in absolute dark- 
ness. 

The different units of the regiment were 
now called together. The third battalion 
had reached the farthest point of advance 
of the regiment, having swept on in the 
first wave of the torrent pursuing the 
Boche, while the balance of the batteries 
were floundering along the slow congested 
roads. Now the entire regiment was as- 
sembled in Harricourt and adjacent fields, 
where we pitched our pup tents on the 
frosty ground and awaited further orders. 



149 



w 



CHAPTER XVIII. 

Nacli Bern Rhein. 

ti\ \7' 7' E don't know where we're going 
but we're on our way," expressed 
the sentiment of the regiment as 
we left Harricourt on the morning of 
November fourteenth, for we did not 
know definitely whether we were going 
home or to Germany. Both had their ad- 
vantages in our estimation. Now that the 
war was over our anxiety to get home in- 
creased, for up to this time we had been 
doing what he had come over for, fighting; 
now that we had accomplished our ends, a 
certain subtle sickness began to assert it- 
self. However, we did think that if an army 
was sent to Germany we should be given 
that honor along with any other veteran di- 
vision who might compose it. Naturally, 
we were all anxious to say we had wound 
up the watch on the Rhine and wished to do 
other romantic things which the popular 
song writers had advised the folks back 
home that we would do. 
Our first stop was at Imecourt, where we 

150 



NACH DEM RHEIN 

found billets in partially destroyed houses, 
which, however, contained the large French 
fireplaces which kept things warm, their 
only fault being that they filled the rooms 
with smoke. We spent some pleasant mo- 
ments before the fireplaces talking over 
past experiences; already this habit had 
taken hold of us; pity the home folks! 

Our ardor was dampened visibly on the 
second day, hov/ever, when we received a 
large consignment of horses and several 
men from the 80th Division. The horses, 
of course, were viewed from our eyes as 
just so many square inches of grooming 
space. As for the men, we knew it was 
necessary to bring up the regiment to war 
strength, but it did not seem right to give 
drafted men who scarcely knew what a bat- 
tle was the honor of having their names on 
the rolls of the Rainbow division, a veteran 
organization of volunteers. 

Next evening we were on the way again 
through a biting wind, now sure that we 
were going to Germany. When on the 
march the regiment formed a column four 
kilometers in length on the road. After a 
hard sixteen kilometer hike over extremely 

151 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

hilly country we arrived at our day's desti- 
nation, where we pitched our pup tents by 
the roadside and built bonfires to stave off 
the cold. The only trouble with the fires 
was that they consisted mainly of old Ger- 
man shell baskets, which at times took 
crazy notions of exploding and several men 
visited the hospital as a result. 

During the hike of the following day we 
crossed the Meuse at Dun proceeding on to 
Harmcourt, where we remained two days. 
Here a part of the men had billets and a 
part were forced to sleep in the fields near 
the picket lines despite the fact that the 
first snow of the year was falling. On the 
following day each man received a leather 
jerkin with other equipment. This article 
of apparel was warm and of good material, 
but a joke was made of them by an order 
which prohibited men from wearing them 
on the outside, in other words they were to 
be worn beneath the blouse and as the 
blouses fit too snugly already they could not 
accommodate anything underneath and the 
jerkins lost their value. We were permitted 
to take a two-minute bath beneath the 
shower on the second day, which gave us 

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NACH DEM RHEIN 

some relief for the time being from the 
cooties. We had read about sterilizing ma- 
chines and had even seen pictures of them, 
but our regiment never obtained one so we 
had to take our condition as a matter of 

course. 

The sixth day brought us to the impor- 
tant little city of Montmedy. Our column 
entered it, just as the President of France 
and his retinue alighted from the train to 
visit the Hberated inhabitants. The popu- 
lace was wild with joy and greeted the ap- 
pearance of the party with great enthusi- 
asm. Poincare is a man of average build 
but I was struck by his frail appearance, 
no doubt due to his great responsibilities. 
His face was pale though it was Ut by a 
smile. He was accompanied by diplomats 
and dignitaries wearing silk hats and by 
several high officers wearing the brilliant 
parade uniforms of the French army. 

About the town we saw hundreds of can- 
on and vast stores of material left by the 
Huns in accordance with the armistice con- 
ditions. Here we fortunately came across 
two carloads of horseshoes, which were 
badly needed. This was not the first time 

153 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

that we had to depend on enemy stores, for 
at Chateau Thierry we had obtained much 
equipment from the enemy stores which 
were badly needed. After spending the 
night in a former Hun prison camp, we set 
off on the hike which took us to Belgium. 

It had been a relief to come to such a city 
as Montmedy, where the people thronged 
the streets and visited the shops as they 
did in pre-war days. The buildings had not 
suffered from war and were now ablaze 
with flags of the Allies. At the front the 
only civilians we saw were refugees and the 
destroyed villages served as dwellings for 
soldiers alone. Now we were in a civilized, 
peaceful land, where property belong to in- 
dividuals and we had to take them into con- 
sideration in our actions from this time on. 

In the afternoon we crossed the Franco- 
Belgian frontier marked simply by iron 
posts containing the emblems of each na- 
tion on either side. The nature of the land 
was no different from the fine country of 
northern France, but the towns and villages 
seemed to show a greater peace-time pros- 
perity than those of the neighboring Repub- 
lic. Indeed, we were impressed by the 

154 



NACH DEM RHEIN 

cleanliness and neat appearance of the 
homes. Many towns, however, showed 
sigs of the Hun's wanton destruction, in 
places they had been burned to the ground 
as a punishment to the people. The inhabi- 
tants told us how the Germans had swept 
across the country in 1914, and how the Bel- 
gians were forced at the point of bayonets 
to choose between Germany and Belgium. 
A woman told how she had been thrown out 
of her home naked and holding her half- 
year old baby in her arms. 

Along the entire line of march the freed 
people were out in force waving flags and 
shouting for America. Their anxiety to 
honor America was shown by the American 
flags displayed everywhere. They were all 
home-made and varied in color as well as 
material. In some, blue dotted calico had 
been used for the field of the flag, in fact, 
the matter of the stars and their number 
seemed to be the stumbUng block for most 
of them, for they varied in number, from 
one to fifty. Our first night in Belgium was 
spent in and about the village of Gomery. 
Next day our hike included Arlon, a fine 
city, with a majestic cathedral. In the city 

155 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

streets as in every other Belgian town, tri- 
umphal arches spanned the streets and 
happy people thronged the walks along the 
line of march. Our stopping place for the 
night was Girsh. The inhabitants were the 
most hospitable of any we had come in con- 
tact with, and they did everything possible 
for our comfort. One party of soldiers ar- 
rived at their billet just as the family was 
eating and the lady of the house insisted 
that they sit down to the meal, consisting of 
potatoes, flapjacks and coffee. She said 
that the American Relief Commission had 
sent the potatoes and that its help had been 
continuous during the trying years of Ger- 
man occupation. The coffee was made of 
parched wheat and tasted very good, some- 
thing similar to our coffee substitutes in the 
United States. The old lady had not been 
able to get real coffee since the first year 
of war. At the conclusion of the meal the 
soldier offered to pay but she refused, say- 
ing that she would not take money for we 
were all one family now and she would be 
the mother of them all. And these senti- 
ments were common to all the Belgians we 
came in contact with. They had lined the 

156 



NACH DEM RHEIN 

streets of the village with evergreen trees 
which they had decorated with colored 
paper. 

Next day we crossed the Belgian-Luxem- 
burg border receiving a friendly welcome 
from the people. The tiny duchy had been 
neutral during the war, though the Huns 
had forced themselves upon the country, 
and we expected no great hospitality. How- 
ever, in the capital city the Grand Duchess 
had received the Americans with thankful- 
ness and the people followed suit. They 
were glad to be rid of the Germans and 
their anxiety was that we would be as over- 
bearing as our predecessors. When they 
found out the real character of the Amer- 
ican soldier they told us that they hoped 
we would stay. 

Sauel was our first stop in Luxemburg 
and we remained there a week. It was there 
that we received our initiation into the mys- 
teries of the German language, for that is 
the general language spoken though French 
is understood by many. Our greatest pleas- 
ure in Sauel was the food. There seemed to 
be plenty of potatoes, meat and sauerkraut 
and the Fraus' cooking appealed to us. 

157 




RAINBOW HOOSIER 

Their pfannkuchen and wafflen were espe- 
cially popular. However, we paid dearly for 
everything; but we had been paid recently 
and American soldiers were always the 
kind who bought what they desired at what- 
ever the price as long as they had money. 

The band concerts were especially popu- 
lar with the inhabitants as well as with the 
soldiers and the band never lacked a large 
audience on the town square. Mersch, a 
neighboring city, was visited by men who 
could obtain passes, its main attraction be- 
ing candy, which could be bought at only 
a few dollars a pound. The change in the 
money system was just as baffling to us as 
the language, for marks fluctuated in value 
so often that we scarcely ever knew its value 
in relation to the francs, with which we 
were paid. It was always a safe bet, how- 
ever, that the Luxemburger would never 
lose anything by the exchange. 

Our Thanksgiving Day was turkey-less 
but our cooks prepared an excellent meal 
with pie as the feature and we were satis- 
fied. Schnapps and beer headed the Luxem- 
burg list of drinks and as prohibition has 
not struck Europe or the army yet, the boys 

158 



NACH DEM RHEIN 

were permitted to indulge to a certain ex- 
tent. 

We bade Sauel goodbye December first 
and going by way of Mersch, where we 
passed under a hugh arch which bore the 
legend "Honor to Our Liberators," the regi- 
ment came to Bluscheid and neighboring 
villages, where it was quartered for the 
night. 

The journey next day was made especial- 
ly interesting by the picturesque scenery. 
Some villages were built upon very steep 
and barren cHffs while others were in the 
great valleys. Toward the end of the day's 
hike we came to the crest of a hill from 
which we could look down into a deep val- 
ley, through which ran a small river. 
Housetops and spires were far beneath us 
while across the valley great hills arose. 
We descended the road into the valley com- 
ing to Rosport, which is only a short dis- 
tance from the German boundary. Its neu- 
trality, however, was demonstrated by its 
two hotels, which faced each other. One 
was the Hotel Du Commerce while the other 
was the Hotel Zur Post. 
We left Rosport on the morning of the 

159 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

third, crossing the international bridge at 
Echternach at 10:05 A.M. Germany at last! 
The only resistance we encountered was 
from a little fellow about five years of age, 
who was hurling stones at us with all his 
might. He wore a militant and defiant ex- 
pression but we admired him for it, because 
he had more spirit than the entire German 
army. At Kaschenbach, in which town we 
were quartered the first night in Germany, 
we found the people were servile in attitude. 
They seemed afraid that we were going to 
commit acts of violence, such as their own 
soldiers had done in Belgium. They had 
been browbeaten by their own soldiers so 
long that they retained no spirit or self- 
confidence. 

After noting our actions, however, they 
invited us into their homes and offered us 
food and comforts. We found that they 
had really never suffered from lack of food, 
though they were very short of it. On 
every hand we came in contact with the men 
we had been fighting continually. They 
were all happy that the war was over and 
one of them said that if Germany had won 
the Kaiser would not have stopped until the 

160 



NACH DEM RHEIN 

rest of the world had been defeated. War 
was only the desire of the upper classes he 
added. The old man in whose home I was 
billeted the first night was of a peculiar 
type. His pride and joy was the flint, with 
which he lit his pipe. He had a steel instru- 
ment which fit his hand and with it he struck 
the flint a sharp blow. The resultant spark 
lit the piece of punk which he held on top of 
the flint. I offered him a match but he told 
me that the flint was much better. 

Our next move was to Messerich, where 
we were billeted for the m.ost part in the 
haylofts of the town. On every hand we 
met ex-soldiers who were still wearing part 
of their uniforms for lack of anything else, 
and we were constantly swapping experi- 
ences with men we had defeated at such 
places as Chateau Thierry and Exermont. 
We were inclined to ignore them at first but 
when they spoke about having relation in 
the United States it was not difficult to get 
a conversation started, that is, if our own 
tongues happened to have the German ac- 
cent that day. 

Next day the fine of march included Bit- 
burg where the headquarters of the Third 

161 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

army was located, the different depart- 
ments occupying the luxurious residences 
of the city. Our anger was aroused at see- 
ing officers walking the streets in full uni- 
form but it was explained that they were 
given a certain time in which to obtain dif- 
ferent clothing. At a cigar stand one of 
these officers saw an American sergeant 
buy a package of expensive cigarettes and 
he remarked that the Americans seemed to 
have plenty of money. The Hoosier replied: 
"Yes, we have plenty of two things, money 
and good soldiers.'' The next three nights 
were spent at Bartaal, Murlenbach and 
Geralstein in turn. Then came Kerpin, 
where we spent five days. 

It was here that we learned the value of 
soap. In other German towns it had rated 
high, but in Kerpin, where the housefraus 
prided themselves before the war upon 
their white clothes, soap was priceless. As 
a result the supply sergeant soon found 
that his had disappeared. The Americans 
became popular in every way and it was 
a common remark among the natives, that 
the Yanks treated them much better than 
their own soldiers. If a vote had been 

162 



NACH DEM RHEIN 

taken, this town would have petitioned the 
United States to take over the government 
of Rheinland. It was no uncommon thing 
to see Yankees trying their hands at 
threshing wheat by beating it with a flail. 

Upon the hill which overshadowed Ker- 
pin was an ancient castle where our Regi- 
mental Post of Command was temporarily 
located. The old castle had been built in 
900, we were told, and from its ruins a 
great tower and house had been con- 
structed. The old walls, however, were 
still standing, adding to the picturesque- 
ness of the scene. The castle was owned 
by a wealthy artist, Fritz von Wille, who 
lived in Duzzledorf and who came here for 
the hunting season, for the surrounding 
wooded hilltops contained much game. 

The next leg of the journey was ended at 
Antweiler. The distance across country 
was not great but the roads were so crook- 
ed, winding through the hills as they did, 
that at times we seemed to almost double 
upon our tracks, but we finally reached the 
village where we spent the last night of the 
hike. 

We were now traveling along the valley 

163 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

of the Ahr river. At times the valley nar- 
rov^ed into a canyon and again it would 
become broad. The clear stream was filled 
with rapids, the current being swift from 
source to m.outh. The great hills vary from 
the gently sloping kind to those of a steep 
and precipitous nature. A wonderful thing 
about these hills is the part man has played 
in remoulding them. Hundreds of years of 
prodigious effort by the people have ter- 
raced them into giant stairways and upon 
the levelled surfaces vineyards thrive. 

Another display of the results of a vast 
expenditure of energy are the great tunnels 
which pierce the huge hills, allowing rail- 
roads and highways to pass beneath. The 
building of the railroad itself was a great 
engineering feat. We reached our destina- 
tion, Neuenahr, December sixteenth, and 
immediately the hotels and villas which 
had in the past housed the rich health seek- 
ers of Germany became the billets of healthy 
Yankee fighting men. 



164 




Writing Home 



CHAPTER XIX. 

Bad-Neuenahr, 

<< A FTER going through the war with 
Z-A you, through mud, snow, and rain; 
^ ^ after sharing a yearns hardship 
with you on the front, I must confess that 
this scene forms a disgusting anti-climax." 
These were the jesting v/ords of the chap- 
lain, better known as Snow-Drif t, spoken on 
Christmas Day. We were seated about 
tables laden with food, in the luxurious 
hotel dining-rooms of Bad-Neuenahr. 

It was a great contrast from our last 
Christmas and other days in France. Then 
we were in wooden barracks, insufficiently 
heated, and we had the tremendous trifles 
of army life to contend with. A little later 
we began the struggle in which we had the 
elements to contend with as well as the 
Boche. At that time we did not know how 
long it would be until the victory would be 
ours, furthermore we did not know wheth- 
er we would be alive when peace did come. 
But upon this Christmas Day, 1918, all of 
our aims were accomplished; we were re- 

166 



NEUENAHR 

ceiving the reward in comfort; and we were 
soon to return to God's country. 

A menu typical of the Christmas dinners 
of the regiment follows: 

Prime Roast Beef 

(Positively not chevaux) 

Victory Sauce Prussian Guard Dressing 

Kaiser's Own Cold Slaw 

Crown Prince Pickles 

Hoosier Cobbler Rainbow Cakes 

Bread, Butter and Jam 

Coffee with Milk and Sugar 

In the evening the Regimental Band 
which had developed into one of the best 
musical organizations in the army, gave 
a concert in the magnificent Kurhaus- 
theater. Throughout our stay in Bad- 
Neuenahr, this playhouse served as an en- 
tertainment place for us. Among the 
shows given here the production of the 2d 
Canadian Division and the Hoosier Follies 
were most popular. The latter show was 
given by the 150th Field Artillery Band and 
Bugle Corps, and was advertised as a 
whirlwind farce furor and a musical melee 

167 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

in two parts. The success of the show was 
due mainly to the artillerymen who imper- 
sonated Winter-Garden chorus girls. 

The best view of Bad-Neuenahr can be ob- 
tained from the summit of a nearby hill 
upon which a watchtower has been con- 
structed. The broad valley in which the 
town is situated extends to the southwest 
as far as the eye can see. Through it the 
Ahr river winds its tumultuous course. 

Neuenahr, at our feet, is a town of hotels 
and villas, for it is one of the most famous 
watering places in Germany. Royalty, in- 
cluding the Crown Prince, as well as the 
elite rheumatics, of all nations had gath- 
ered here in pre-war days, seeking the bene- 
fits of the sulphur baths and mineral 
waters. 

Tracing the Ahr down stream one can 
see that it empties into the Rhine near Sin- 
zig, where the banks of the great river are 
low. Farther down stream the Rhine passes 
between great hills, and precipitous cliffs 
and palisades, crowned by the castles, for 
which the river is famous. 

Among the hills facing the Rhine were 
the precautionary gun positions of the reg- 
ies 



NEUENAIIR - 

iment. From these positions we were pre- 
pared to defend the territory, which we 
had occupied, in case of a possible German 
attack. From them we had the command 
of either bank of the Rhine, the range of 
our guns being over eleven kilometers. 

The hills forming the south side of the 
Ahr valley are cultivated. The more roll- 
ing of them have been patterned into va- 
ried designs by the plow, while the rocky 
and steep hills are terraced into great stair- 
ways to accommodate immense vineyards. 
The huge hills north of the valley are cov- 
ered with pine forests. Nature has its own 
way among them and the only humans who 
venture among the great hills, which rise 
and fall as waves on the ocean, are game 
hunters. 

Days in Bad-Neuenahr v/ere not spent in 
luxurious ease as the foregoing paragraphs 
might indicate. We followed a schedule 
similar to that of the so-called rest camps 
with which we had a slight acquaintance in 
France. From reveille, 6:30 A.M., to re- 
treat, 4:15 P.M., our days were occupied 
with the care of our horses, materials, and 
the equipment as well as with the infantry 

169 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

drill. This was varied on certain days by 
inspections and regimental reviews. 

Some time was also given for sports, and 
schedules were made out for football, base- 
ball, basketball, handball and tug of war. 
The contests were of the elimination kind, 
every battery being represented by teams. 
However, the biggest sporting event held in 
Bad-Neuenahr was the wrestling and box- 
ing tournaments between the 2d Canadian 
Division and the 42d American Division on 
the afternoon and night of January 20th. 
They had previously beaten us at soccer at 
Bonn and we made up our loss on this day 
by beating them in every fall in the wrest- 
ling matches and in winning four out of 
five prize fights. 

The Canadians were fine fellows and ex- 
cellent appearing soldiers. We liked them 
better than any other of the Allied soldiers, 
because they were also Americans and 
talked the English language so that we 
could understand it. Almost a fourth of 
the men of the Canadian Division were cit- 
izens of the United States, who had enlisted 
before our country got into the war. 

The following day a certain number of 

170 



NEUENAHR 

men from our division were given passes 
to Bonn, where our team played the Ca- 
nucks a game of baseball on the campus of 
the famous university there. The trip up 
the Rhine was memorable. It seemed to 
us that the majestic river justified its rep- 




utation for beauty, sweeping through its 
great valley in graceful curves, with fine 
cities dotting its banks and bridges span- 
ning it in many places. 

Bonn is a typical university city, having 
fine buildings, statues and a progressive 
business district. The Canadians had 

171 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

parked their cannon in city parks and were 
occupying the best homes as billets. They 
were not so kind-hearted as the Americans 
respecting the Germans, for they still kept 
in mind the Canadian sergeant who was 
crucified by the Huns. The prisoners of 
war turned loose from the German prison 
camps, upon the signing of the armistice, 
also told their stories of inhuman treat- 
ment of prisoners in Germany. How they 
were starved, beaten by guards, and spit 
upon by civilians. The death rate, especial- 
ly among the Russian prisoners, was terri- 
ble. They also kept in mind many instances 
of what the Belgian civilians had suffered 
during the German occupation. However, 
the only militant act, the result of which 
was evident when we visited Bonn, was the 
statue of Kaiser William I, the nose of 
which had been shot off, and the helmet 
spike of which had been supplanted by a 
Union Jack. 

The electric car service was good be- 
tween Bonn and Cologne and many Amer- 
icans took advantage of this opportunity to 
see one of the finest cities in Germany, 
though it was out of bounds. The wonder- 

172 



NEUENAHR 

ful cathedral is the domineering architect- 
ural structure of the city, while the ancient 
rathaus, the great theater and the modern 
union station are also sources of pride to 
the inhabitants. The HohenzoUernbruck is 
one of the finest bridges along the Rhine. 
The surprising feature of the business dis- 
trict are the department stores, which are 
often artistic buildings, constructed along 
lines of museums, yet being modern in 
every respect. 

Another Rhine city which American sol- 
diers were permitted to visit was Coblenz, 
the American bridgehead. Men, who were 
given twenty-four hour passes, were taken 
to Coblenz in special trains composed of 
American box cars. The scenery up the his- 
toric valley, which vv^as entered from the 
Ahr valley at Sinzig, is of surprising beau- 
ty. Upon the east bank were the castles 
upon their solitary eminences, jutting hun- 
dreds of feet above the river, cliffs, deep 
ravines, and terrace vineyards upon the 
less precipitous hills. The west bank from 
Andernach to Coblenz is the most level land 
in Rhineland, every inch of it being highly 
cultivated. 

173 




RAINBOW HOOSIER 

Crossing the Mosel river we arrived in 
the main city held by the American Army 
of Occupation. At the junction of the 
Mosel and Rhine rivers stands the massive 
statue of WilHam I. Across the river is the 
dominating fortress of Ehrenoreitstein, 
which was now occupied by American sol- 
diers. The three bridges spanning the 
river here were of course the point of mil- 
itary value to the AlHes and were also 
guarded by American soldiers. Farther up 
stream the Stolzenf els Castle, of the former 
Kaiser, stands. One of the finest of the ex- 
Kaiser's palaces is in Coblenz also, and at 
the time of our visit a wing of it was being 
used by the Yankees as a church. That day 
also happened to be Wilhelm's birthday, 
and as a party of soldiers were promenad- 
ing along the Kaiser Wilhelm ring, they 
chanced to hear a German lady remark 
upon the difference that day from the year 
before, when the ring was ablaze with flags 
and decorations. 

The American attitude towards the Ger- 
man civilians was neither of antagonism 
nor of friendship. In fact, aside from the 
necessary contact resulting from billeting 

174 



NEUENAHR 

in their homes, our only dealings with them 
were in a business way. The Germans cer- 
tainly proved the right to the name of pro- 
gressives in business, though America 
could not understand their ethics. 

The Canadians were surprised to find 
upon their arrival in Bonn German-made 
regulation brass buttons for Canadian uni- 
forms, and we were equally surprised at the 
appearance of the Rainbow Division cigar 
in our city. The greatest commodity of sale 
were iron crosses, jewelry with iron cross 
designs, and postcards. We could not un- 
derstand how a German could deal in such 
proofs of his military defeat but we wanted 
them for souvenirs and did not care to ques- 
tion him. However much they tried to 
please us with their products we could not 
be convinced that anything they could of- 
fer was as good as a similar article made 
in America. 

In fact, though our situation might have 
been considered fortunate in Bad-Neuen- 
ahr, nothing could satisfy us but home. 

That the boys knew the science of econ- 
omy and how to invest their wealth, is 
proven by a report in "The Stars and 

175 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

Stripes" of March 21st, by the Major: "Good 
grief!" gasped the visiting major. "What 
is this — Lew Dockstader's minstrels, or is 
there an epidemic raging among all the rich 
uncles back in the States?" 

Before him paraded a detachment from 
the 42d Division, glittering with — could 
they be? Yes, they were — diamonds, and 
honest-to-Pete diamonds, judging from all 
appearances. At the head stalked the band 
of the 150th Field Artillery, shining even 
more resplendently with precious stones 
than did their comrades. Bejeweled pri- 
vates stood on the sidelines, nonchalantly 
flicking the ash from their makings with a 
finger which bore one or more gems. 

One of them took it upon himself to 
explain: 

"Well, sir, it's like this. These here 
marks that we get seem to be a fluctuating 
sort of commodity. One day 160 of them 
are worth 100 francs, next day it's 149 to 
100, today it's 200. So the boys get sort of 
balled up in their count. They never knew 
whether they were millionaires or busted. 
You couldn't get into a game with them 
without bringing along an adding machine 

176 



NEUENAHR 

and beaucoup expert accountants, and then 
the game generally broke up in a fight. 

"So they read somewhere that diamonds 
cost about the same everywhere and stayed 
about the same all the time. It was like 
getting off a pitching and tossing transport 
and feeling solid ground under your feet, 
if you know what I mean. So the crowd 
took to saving up their jack and when they 
got enough they invested it in diamonds. 

"Look at that sparkler on the tromboner. 
That didn't cost a cent under $100. 

"We got a K.P. who's been saving his 
jack f oi" three months and after pay day 
says he's going to get a diamond that the 
mess sargeant can use for a potato masher." 
When questioned, the principal jeweler 
in the town said, in part : "Thunder weath- 
er! Thou dear Gott! Heaven and hell! 
The American common soldiers buy all my 
diamonds. Gott grant no corporals or ser- 
geants come !" 

The following order issued by Major- 
General Flagler on February 15, 1919, tells 
the record of service of our division: 

"This is the 260th day the 42d Division 
has been in contact with the enemy since 

177 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

February 20, 1918, beginning last February 
in Lorraine, the 42d Division took over from 
the French the first sector ever held by an 
American division, and since then has been 
only taken out of the lines once, for the 
purpose of a rest. After spending a few 
days in the Bourmont area, and initiating a 
training program, the division was sudden- 
ly moved through Toul to take part in the 
St. Mihiel operation and since then has 
never been further from the front than 
close reserve, except to pass from one point 
to another. 

"The 42d Division has spent more con- 
secutive days in touch with the enemy and 
a greater total of time engaged with the 
enemy than any other division of the Amer- 
ican Expeditionary Forces, and is proud of 
having faced and outfought the choicest 
units of the whole German Army." 

The last review of the Rainbow Division, 
by General Pershing, occurred on Sunday, 
March 16, 1919, at Renagen, on the Rhine. 
Had any man prophesized a few months be- 
fore that many of the German people would 
Hoch der General Pershing on that day he 
would have been called a fool, or a least a 

178 



NEUENAHR 

false prophet. But that^s what happened as 
General Pershing while passing on his way 
was recognized by his flag and four stars 
as the man who put the cabosh on Kaiser 
Bill. Many Germans called out— Hoch der 
General Pershing. Many times we had 
heard, "Hurrah for General Pershing," or 
"Vive Le General Pershing," but never be- 
fore "Hoch der General Pershing." I am 
glad to say that this had no effect on the 
American soldiers. He had too often heard 
that old "Kamrad" call to be stuck in the 
back when turned. We even heard that 
some American soldiers returning to the 
United States said that we had fought the 
wrong people; that we should have fought 
the French instead of the Germans. If 
that report was true, they must have been 
soldiers that had never been up against the 
real Hun. Germany was still looking for a 
soft peace, and under Old BilFs discipline, 
if you can't win by the sword or run away, 
try flattery. No, no, poor bleeding France, 
not only her more than a milUon and a half 
dead still mourned for, but other millions 
were still bleeding from their wounds. 
Some day France will cease to mourn, and 

179 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

restore her ravaged and shell-torn country, 
then we feel that France will always re- 
member and appreciate General Pershing's 
call to Lafayette when he said, "Lafayette, 
we are here/' 

While reviewing the Rainbow Division, 
General Pershing gave us a close inspec- 
tion, and it was a proud moment when he 
decorated more than fifty officers and men. 
At the head of the list was Corp. Sidney 
Manning of Brattan, Alabama, who re- 
ceived the congressional medal of honor for 
commanding his platoon after his lieuten- 
ant and top sergeant had been killed. With 
thirty men he captured the position on the 
heights of Ourcq and defended it with the 
eight men left, though wounded nine times 
he held it until reinforcements came. Gen- 
eral Pershing said feelingly, "Corporal 
Manning, it is men of your caliber who have 
emblazoned the name of America around 
the world. In the name of the President 
and of the people of the United States, I 
congratulate you, and as your commander- 
in-chief, I thank you heartily for your in- 
spiring example, and as man to man, Cor- 

18ft 



NEUENAHR 

poral Manning, I want to tell you that I 
envy you." 

Col. Solen J. Carter on receiving his cita- 
tion for the French Croix de Guerre, after 
reaching home, gave only a brief transla- 
tion of his own citation, which he said spoke 
of him as an excellent officer. My citation 
in reality belongs to the battahon. I was 
fortunate enough to have command of the 
most wonderful set of men ever put togeth- 
er to form such a command. 

Their understanding, discipline, energy 
and devotion nowhere could be excelled, 
and the fact that the decoration came to me 
is due solely to their wonderful work. 

The general order finally came to pack 
up your old kit bag, cease worrying and 
start for home. The first contingent of the 
Rainbow Division entrained on April 5th, 
for the seventy-hours' trip to Brest, the 
embarkation port. The last will reach 
Brest by the 10th, soon to embark for home. 
We read in the IndianapoUs Star of 
April 7th: 

"Everybody will be on Welcome Day Pro- 
gram to honor heroes." 

181 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

Features of Welcome-Home Day: 

State-wide holiday; 

Fleet of airplanes; 

Singing of Indiana songs; 

College yells by superyellers; 

Parade north to Sixteenth street; 

Troops in heavy marching order; 

400 bands (no more than that, or the 
committee would have mentioned it) ; 

Coffee and doughnuts by Salvation Army 
lasses (applause from the grandstand). 

You will see in the line of march, there- 
fore, Base Hospital 32, bands from colleges, 
academies and high schools whence many 
of the troops were enlisted, 4,000 to 5,000 
returned soldiers, sailors and marines who 
have already been disbanded, and last but 
not least, the 150th Field Artillery, headed 
by Col. "Bob" Tyndall and its own band, 
playing, maybe, "My Indiana Home.'' 

It is earnestly hoped that the regiment 
may be able to march with its equipment 
of helmets, arms and other portion of its 
outfit, just as it did when it went forward 
to shatter the imperial legions of Germany 
at Chateau Thierry and in the forest of 
Argonne. 

182 



NEUENAHR 

The idea is that if you feel like hollering 
your head off on Welcome Home Day, for 
heavens sake make a noise and don't act as 
if you were tongue-tied. 

Mayor Jewett will proclaim the day a 
holiday and Governor Goodrich will issue 
whatever proclamation is appropriate to 
the occasion. 

There will be a noble arch of welcome on 
Meridian street, just at the south entrance 
of the Circle and a court of honor between 
the Circle and Washington Street, and 
across this arch a silken rope to keep all 
traffic out until the troops come along, and 
then when they get near the arch, some 
wounded soldiers or soldier with a cross 
of war on his chest will step out from the 
ranks or from the sidelines and cut that 
silk rope and let the column through. 

Then there will be a fleet of moving pic- 
ture machines to take the marchers, and 
the crowds and the arrival and departure 
of the troops. A set of these films will be 
deposited in the archives of the state where 
they will be available for future genera- 
tions to view the great day long after the 

183 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

school children of today are moldering in 
their graves. 

April 13th, President Poincare and Pre- 
mier Clemenceau brought a special mes- 
sage from the people of France to the 
Forty-second Division at Brest. They said 
that the Government would not permit the 
Eainbow Division to leave France without 
an expression from the French people of 
appreciation and affection. That day made 
a never-f orgetable picture to the American 
soldiers as they stood in Hne receiving the 
last graceful compliments of France, while 
thousands of French civilians looked on 
cheering. 

Before the farewells were said we were 
marched down the shaded avenue. Colonel 
Reilley's One Hundred and Forty-ninth 
Field Artillery Band played our national 
anthem and the French soldiers and officers 
were at the salute. The civiHans stood 
reverently with bared heads. 

General Reed, commanding the division, 
first received an address from M. Clemen- 
ceau, in which the premier recalled the 
achievements of the Rainbow at St. Mihiel, 
in the Argonne and on other fronts. Ad- 

184 



NEUENAHR 

miral Moreau then, with fine feeling, an- 
nounced to General Reed that at the bid- 
ding of the French government the division 
commander was made a commander of the 
Legion of Honor. 

Many deserved decorations were con- 
ferred that day. While it was a happy hour 
to our soldiers with visions of home and 
friends and loved ones, yet there were mo- 
ments of sad reflections when the division's 
casualties of 439 officers and 13,485 men 
marched down the misty lane of memory. 
Pershing said, "Lafayette, we are here." 
Yes, many are still there, sleeping in the 
shell-torn battlefields of France, but living 
monuments to America's achievements. 
Such is war. 



185 



CONCLUSION. 

150th F. A. sailed on April 18th on the 
Great Leviathan with more than 10,000 sol- 
diers aboard crossing the Atlantic in six 
days without accident though narrowly 
escaping striking a floating mine off the 
Grand Bank of Newfoundland passing with- 
in thirty feet of it, the officers reported. 

We were given a great reception by the 
Welcome Home Committee citizens from 
Indiana headed by Governor Goodrich and 
Mayor Jewett of Indianapolis, meeting us 
fifteen miles out; quite a contrast to our 
departure eighteen months previous, when 
we stole away in the middle of the night on 
our great adventure to France. Only the 
occasional straggler asked who and where 
going, and the only civilian permitted to 
know (the Indianapolis Star correspond- 
ent) wanted to, but was not allowed to 
answer, "Americans, the greatest soldiers 
on earth, on the way to win the great World 
War." 

April the 25th we reached the Hoboken 
dock and disembarked and entrained for 
Camp Merritt, New Jersey. After the usual 

186 



CONCLUSION 

quarantine and disinfectant, we were en- 
tertained by the Welcome Home Committee 
in New York for a few days, entraining 
again for the last lap for dear old Indiana 
and Indianapolis. Such a welcome was 
never given any body of men as was given 
the soldiers of Indiana on Welcome Home 
Day. Such a greeting by the many, many 
thousands while on parade made the sol- 
diers feel that the great sacrifices made 
were not in vain. It was a happy hour in 
army life when we were mustered out at 
Camp Taylor. 

Now that the tumult and shouting of our 
splendid reception has died away, we look 
back upon our service in America's army 
of freedom with a broader vision. 

We see ourselves among the pioneers of 
Pershing's crusaders, progressing through 
the greatest conflict of all ages to the ac- 
complishment of victory for the nation and 
the realization of ideals throughout the 
world. Despite statements to the contrary, 
our country never gained a more complete 
victory in its history. Though we had won 
every war in which we had participated, 
there had been some single battles lost; but 

187 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

in this war we won every battle completely. 
We are proud of the great 426. Division 
(Rainbow) ; proud of our regiment, which 
was the only Hoosier unit fortunate enough 
to reach the front, though our state stood 
in the front rank in enlistments; and we 
are proud of the name volunteers. The war 
had reached a crisis when, at Chateau 
Thierry, the American volunteers turned 
the tide. We had taken up arms at the first 
call and in so doing received many of the 
knocks caused by immature organizations 
at the front and behind the lines. But we 
are not sorry now that we had these hard- 
ships to endure, for they make peace the 
greater blessing and victory the more sweet. 

THE END 



18S 



''The Doughboy'' 

^y^urr Mcintosh 
Doughboy, of mine, 
YouVe done your duty well, 
And peace is thine. 
YouVe crossed that living hell, 
On life's great battlefield you stand 
Upon the threshold with your grand 
Record made there, in tear-stained France. 
You sought it, and you had your chance. 
Your name is writ upon the sky. 
Each valorous deed is known on high. 
Your comrades all. Yes, they were great. 
Machine guns spat their fire of hate 
Against those murderers, who charged 
Babes, innocent and so, enlarged 
The list of crimes of killing done 
By that accursed — the HUN. 
ARTILLERY—each wondrous deed 
Stands out. The world has learned of speed; 
So fast they sped each deadly shell 
There was no time twixt them and Hell. 
The SIGNAL CORPS— "Lest we forget," 
Had every station not been set, 
Had wires not gone through "Danger's Zone" 
What happened never would be known. 
And in those dark and troublous hours, 
In midst of snow, or sleet, or showers, 
YouVe seen those TRUCKS, plow through the mud 
On board was food, the trusty "Spud," 
And all things else that did sustain, 
As well as all to ease the pain ; , 



RAINBOW HOOSIER 

Or, ammunition that would kill. 
They all went forward, on, until 
Their bit was done unto the end. 
The CHAPLAIN often had to bend 
His head and bow with heavy heart. 
Ah ! Yes ! full well he played his part. 
DOCTORS and NURSES, you will bless ; 
At times 'twas great, at times 'twas less. 
The agonies known but to those 
Who suffered, who went through the throes 
Of pain which the wounded's life blood pours. 
The M. P. guards you while you sleep, 
The K. P. helps the COOK to keep 
You strong and well, so you are there 
When duty's call will lead you where 
You give your best, what 'ere the call. 
Yes, ev'ry one gave that — his all. 
Each played his part and played it well, 
But, in the years to come, they'll tell 
Of you, the DOUGHBOY, who was there 
In answer to the bugle's blare. 
At Luneville you showed your worth. 
In Baccarat they bit the earth. 
Champagne, Chateau Thierry, the world 
Knows how your colors were unfurled. 
Of how you stopped that fierce machine 
The world proclaims it n'er has seen 
More reckless daring in a strife — 
You care for victory, not life. 
At St. Mihiel and then Verdun 
Again the fight by you was won. 

190 



"THE DOUGHBOT' 

Then Argonne Forest and Sedan ; 

It was the end. So fast they ran 

They set all records there for speed, 

So fast they ran there was no need 

To follow. They are running yet, 

And only stopped when they were set 

Upon their soil — beyond the Rhine. 

We know they're there ; we hear their whine 

From highest to the lowest Red, 

They seek our friendship and our bread. 

We'll not forget, we'll not forgive. 

At least while one of us shall live. 

So here's to you who've shed your blood, 

Who've found your rest on beds of mud ; 

Who've hiked along the road, 

And packed your heavy, crushing load. 

DOUGHBOY, of the FORTY-SECOND, 

Death, to you, has often beckoned. 

You have faced it, grimly smiling, 

Tho' the dead out there were piling 

Up about you. Your friend, your foe. 

You came from 0-Hi-O. 

IOWA sent forth her giants ; 

Fighting NEW YORK yelled defiance, 

And the "Wildcats" came from ALABAM', 

None of the four, e'er gave a damn 

For shrapnel, bayonet, or gas, 

Tho' thousands came in mighty mass. 

You stopped them all and turned them back 

Until you won the DECISION 

For the GREAT RAINBOW DIVISION. 

191 



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DIED OF DISEASE 

Pvt. Leslie C. Kayser, Ft. Wayne, Ind., died November 
23, 1917, Camp Hospital No. 15, Camp Coctquidan. 

Pvt. Russell Byrd, Roanoke, Ind., Battery B, died No- 
vember 29, 1917, Base Hospital No. 101, St. Nazaire. 

Pvt. Raymond Hamilton, Rushville, Ind., Battery B, died 
December 8, 1917, Camp Hospital No. 15, Camp Coctquidan. 

Wagoner Howard C. Stahl, Sidney, Ind., Supply Co., died 
December 14, 1917, Camp Hospital No. 15, Camp Coctqui- 
dan. 

Wagoner Leonard Sargent, Bedford, Ky., Supply Co., 
died December 18, 1917, Camp Hospital No. 15, Camp 
Coctquidan. 

Pvt. William O. Douglas, Attica, Ind., Battery A, died 
December 27, 1917, Base Hospital No. 101, St. Nazaire. 

Corp. Leroy H. Crasley, Indianapolis, Ind., Headquarters 
Co., died March 7, 1918, Camp Hospital No. 15, Camp 
Coctquidan. 

Wagoner Fred C. Taylor, Bippus, Ind., Supply Co., died 
August 8, 1918, Base Hospital No. 20. 

Pvt. Ansel Fatout, Cumberland, Ind., Battery E, died 
September 19, 1918, Base Hospital No. 22. 

Pvt. Herschel Arens, Saratoga, Ind., Battery C, died 
August 25, 1918, Base Hospital No. 202. 

Pvt. Allsey 0. Brown, New Orleans, La., Battery F, died 
October 27, 1918, Base Hospital No. 45. 

Pvt., 1st CI., George Gaines, Shelbyville, Ind., Battery 
E, died (date unknown), Base Hospital No. 45. 

Pvt. Fred W. Sander, Cincinnati, Ohio, Headquarters Co., 
died December 15, 1918, Prum, Germany. 

Pvt. Orville Deinick, Headquarters Co., died February 3, 
1919, pneumonia, Evac. Hospital No. 2, Coblenz. 

Pvt, 1st CL, Clare Campbell, Battery E, died February 
4, 1919, pneumonia, Evac. Hospital No. 9, Coblenz. 

210 



DIED OF DISEASE 

Pvt. Riece B. Pennepacher, Battery A, died February 4, 
1919, pneumonia, Evac. Hospital No. 9, Coblenz. 

Pvt. Stephen M. Chapman, Battery F, died February 7, 
1919, Evac. Hospital No. 9. 

Pvt. William J. Whettlock, Battery F, died February 8, 
1919, lobar pneumonia, Evac. Hospital No. 26, Neuenahr. 

Pvt., 1st CL, Theodore Baumgardt, Battery C, February 
8, 1919, bronchial pneumonia, Evac. Hospital No. 9, 
Coblenz. 

Pvt., 1st CI., Harold J. Ratzel, Att. Vet. Unit, died Feb- 
ruary, 1919, Germany, Coblenz. 

Pvt. Dover Standaredge. 

Pvt., 1st CL, Byron L. Atwood, Battery E, died February 
12, 1919, Hospital No. 9. 

Pvt. Ralph A. Brunean, Battery D, died February 9, 1919, 
Hospital No. 2. 

Pvt. Rochilo Guati, Battery C, died February 15, 1919, 
Hospital No. 9. 

Pvt. David J. Norris, Battery C, died February 18, 1919, 
Hospital No. 26, Neuenahr. 

Pvt. Richard M. Kennedy, Headquarters Co., died Feb- 
ruary 8, 1919, Hospital No. 9, Lobar. 



211 



Deacidified using the Bookkeeper proci 
Neutralizing agent: Magnesium Oxide 
Treatment Date: j.^^ 2001 

PreservationTechnologi 

A WORLD LEADER IN PAPE« PRESERVATI 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




007 691 890 9 






